海南黎族支气管哮喘患病水平及危险因素  

Prevalence and risk factors of bronchial asthma among Li nationality in Hainan province

作　　者：丁毅鹏[1] 姚红霞[1] 汤小兰[3] 何海武[2] 石慧芳[2] 林莉[2] 黎敏[1] 陈山[2] 陈靖 王海娇[5] 

机构地区：[1]海南省人民医院急救中心,海口570102 [2]海南省农垦总医院呼吸内科 [3]海南医学院艾滋病研究中心 [4]山西省防治爱滋病工作委员会 [5]山西省疾病预防控制中心免疫计划科

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2011年第2期155-157,共3页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金资助项目（2002-203-30222）

摘　　要：目的 了解海南黎族人群哮喘患病危险因素. 方法 采用分层整群不等比随机抽样法,在海南南部、中部和西部地区共抽取黎族居民13 050人,采用自行编制的〈海南省黎族哮喘病流行病学调查表〉进行调查;其中病例组441例,并且从非患病人群中采用随机数字表法抽取对照12%名,应用logistic回归分析哮喘的危险因素. 结果 海南黎族的哮喘患病率为3.38%（441/13 050）;哮喘的危险因素包括家族哮喘史（OR=4.323,95%CI=3.259～5.735）、过敏史（OR=7.775,95%CI=5.686～10.632）、吸烟（OR=1.494,95%CI=1.174～1.902）、煮食燃料、居住环境等;冷空气变化（OR=1.604,95%CI=1.286～2.001）和吸入粉尘或刺激性气体（OR=2.123,95%CI=1.702～2.648）是重要诱因. 结论 家族哮喘史,过敏史,吸烟,煮食燃料以燃油、稻草或木材为主,居住环境以茅草房、人畜混住,冷空气变化,吸入粉尘或刺激性气体等为哮喘患病危险因素.Objective To study the risk factors of bronchial asthma of Li nationality in Hainan. Methods A total of 13 050 subjects of Li nationality were selected by random unequal ratio stratified cluster sampling method from southern,central and western part of Hainan and investigated with Hainan Epidemiological Asthma Survey Questionnaire of Li Nationality.There were 441 cases of bronchial asthma,and 1296 cases of control that were sampled by random number table method.The logistic regression method was used to analyze risk factors. Results The asthma prevalence of Li nationality in Hainan was 3.38% （441/13 050）.The main risk factors of asthma were family asthma（OR =4.323,95% CI = 3.259-5.735）,hypersensitiveness （OR = 7.775,95% CI = 5.686-10.632）,smoking （OR = 1.494,95% CI =1.174-1.902）,cooking fuels and living environment.Cold air change （OR = 1.604,95% CI = 1.286-2.001） and respirahle dust or irritant gas （OR = 2.123,95% CI = 1.702-2.648） were the important incentives. Conclusion The main risk factors of asthma among Li nationality were family asthma,hypersensitiveness,smoking,cooking fuels by means of fuel oil,hay or wood,living environment by means of couch grass room and human-livestock mix live,cold air change,respirable dust or irritant gas.

关 键 词：支气管哮喘 危险因素 流行病学研究 黎族 

分 类 号：R562.25[医药卫生—呼吸系统]