氮肥运筹对机插杂交中籼水稻群体质量及产量形成的影响  

Effects of nitrogen management on mass quality and yield formation of machine transplanted middle-season Indica hybrid rice

作　　者：吴文革[1] 张玉海[1,2] 张健美[3] 许有尊[1] 何超波[3] 李霞红 徐长斌 李福军 陈学英 

机构地区：[1]安徽省农科院水稻所,合肥230031 [2]安徽农业大学农学院,合肥230036 [3]安徽省农机推广总站,合肥230061 [4]天长市农业科技中心,天长239300

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2011年第1期1-5,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD02A06-23;2007BAD89B10)资助

摘　　要：在实地机插田间小区试验(非人工模拟)条件下,比较研究了3种施氮水平组合2种穗肥比例共6种氮肥运筹对杂交中籼水稻机插群体主要群体质量指标以及产量形成的影响。结果表明,210 kg.hm-2的施氮量,配合基蘖肥∶穗肥为6∶4的运筹方式有利于群体茎蘖平缓消长,减小无效分蘖,提高成穗率,协调群个体矛盾,提高中、后期的叶面积指数和干物质积累,优化群体质量;同时有利于培育大穗,并稳定提高结实率和千粒重,协调产量构成因素而高产;是安徽江淮杂交中籼水稻机插丰产高效栽培的推荐施氮模式。A split plot experiment in the fields was conducted to study the effects of different fertilizer-N managements on quality index of machine transplanted middle-season Indica hybrid rice. The nitrogen was applied in three levels and panicle fertilizer was in two ratios. The results showed that the scheme of 210 kg·hm^-2 N application rate and the ratio of basic-tillering to panicle and grain fertilizer being 6 ： 4 was helpful in decreasing the population of stems and tillers gently, decreasing the number of the inefficient tiller, increasing effective spike number per plant, and coordinating contradiction between individual and population. Moreover, it improved leaf area index （LAI）, increased the accumulation of dry matter and optimized the population quality at the middle and late growth stage. This fertilizer-N management was beneficial to cultivate big spike, to enhance seed setting rate and 1000-grain weigh stably, to harmonize yield composing factors and the highest grain yield, which was the high efficient cultivated technique of machine transplanted middle-season Indica hybrid rice and would be the recommended nitrogen management in the Jianghuai Region of Anhui Province.

关 键 词：杂交中籼水稻 机插栽培 氮肥 群体质量 产量 

分 类 号：S511.21[农业科学—作物学]