不同促摄食物质对哲罗鲑生长、体成分、消化酶和血液生化指标的影响  

Effects of feeding attractants on growth and body composition,digestive enzyme and serum indices of Hucho taimen

作　　者：王常安[1] 徐奇友[1] 畅雅萍[1] 许红[1] 尹家胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,哈尔滨150070

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2011年第1期65-71,共7页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：冷水性鱼类养殖产业化研究与示范(201003055);黑龙江水产研究所基本科研专项(2008HSYZX-YZ-02)共同资助

摘　　要：研究二甲基-β-丙酸噻亭(DMPT)、氧化三甲胺(TMAO)、甜菜碱和肌苷酸钠(IMP)对初重9.39±0.26g哲罗鲑(Hucho taimen)摄食、生长、体成分、消化酶和血清生化指标的影响。哲罗鲑在室内玻璃钢水族箱中流水饲养,试验设1个对照组,4个处理组,每处理组3个重复,每重复50尾,养殖周期56 d。试验期间水温9.3～14.2℃,溶氧>8.0 mg.L-1。试验结果表明,在低鱼粉饲料中添加0.2%DMPT、0.2%TMAO和0.2%甜菜碱后,哲罗鲑增重率和特定生长率显著提高(P<0.05),而添加0.05%IMP后哲罗鲑增重率和特定生长率未呈显著变化(P>0.05);添加0.2%DMPT后哲罗鲑鱼体粗蛋白水平升高(P<0.05);添加0.2%TMAO和0.2%甜菜碱后,鱼体粗脂肪水平降低(P<0.05),添加0.05%IMP对鱼体成分无显著影响(P>0.05);添加0.2%DMPT和0.2%TMAO后消化道消化酶活性提高(P<0.05);添加0.2%甜菜碱后,消化道脂肪酶活性显著升高(P<0.05);添加0.2%DMPT后血清总蛋白、白蛋白和球蛋白水平显著升高(P<0.05);添加0.2%TMAO和0.2%甜菜碱后,高密度脂蛋白含量显著升高(P<0.05),胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白含量显著下降(P<0.05);添加0.05%IMP后,血清补体C3和C4水平显著提高(P<0.05)。结论是饲料中添加0.2%DMPT、0.2%TMAO和0.2%甜菜碱对哲罗鲑具有促摄食和生长效果,有利于改善体成分和提高机体消化能力;饲料添加0.05%IMP对哲罗鲑促摄食和生长效果不明显,但有益于改善鱼体免疫状况。The taimen with initial body weight of 9.39±0.26 g were used to conducted a 56 days growth experiment for studying the effects of four feeding attractants （dimethyl-β-propiothetin, trimethylamine oxide, betaine and sodium-5＇-inosinate） on feed intake, growth performance, body composition, digestive enzyme activities and serum indices. Fishes were raised in water flow system. There were 5 diets, and each diet was randomly assigned to triplicate groups of 50 fishes. During the experiment, the water temperature fluctuated from 9,3℃ to 14.2℃ and the dissolved oxygen was above 8.0 mg.L^-1. The results showed that the weight gain rate and specific growth rate of the taimen increased significantly by adding 0.2% dimethyl-β-propiothetin, 0.2% trimethylamine oxide, and 0.2% betaine, but there were no changes by supplementing 0.05% sodium-5＇-inosinate （P〉0.05） . The body crude protein increased significantly by supplementing 0.2% dimethyl-β-propiothetin （P〈0.05）, and body crude lipid decreased significantly by adding 0.2% trimethylamine oxide and 0.2% betaine （P〈0.05）, but body composition had no changes by supplementing 0.05% sodium-5＇-inosinate （P〉0.05）.The digestive tract enzyme activities increased significantly by adding 0.2% dimethyl-β-propiothetin and 0.2%trimethylamine oxide （P〈0.05） , and the digestive tract lipase increased significantly by supplementing 0.2% betaine （P〈0.05）, but digestive enzyme activities had no changes supplemented 0.05% sodium-5＇-inosinate （P〉0.05）. The plasma total protein, albumin and globulin increased significantly when added 0.2% dimethyl-β-propiothetin （P〈0.05）, and the high density lipoprotein content increased, but cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein decreased significantly when added 0.2% trimethylamine oxide and 0.2% betaine （P〈0.05）, and plasma complement 3 and complement 4 increased significantly supplemented 0.05% sodium-5＇-inosinate （P〈0.05）. In conclusion, the food intake, grow

关 键 词：哲罗鲑 促摄食物质 生长 生理 

分 类 号：S965.232.373[农业科学—水产养殖]