重新认识农民收入增长的源泉  

Rethinking the Sources of Rural Income in China

作　　者：王德文[1] 程杰[1] 赵文[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院人口与劳动经济研究所,北京100732

出　　处：《云南财经大学学报》2011年第1期34-45,共12页Journal of Yunnan University of Finance and Economics

摘　　要：农民收入是中国农业政策关注的重要问题之一。20世纪80年代以来,尽管政府一直采取积极的措施,但城乡收入差距不断扩大。由于户籍制度及其改革滞后,农业劳动生产率提升的空间受到抑制,农村人口和劳动力大规模流动并没有迎来城乡收入趋同的格局。近年来,"民工荒"的反复出现预示着中国经济进入了刘易斯转折点阶段。通过分析农民收入增长的来源,以及刘易斯转折点到来对改善收入分配的含义,并指出刘易斯转折点为中国缩小城乡差距创造了有利机会。如果加快土地、劳动力和资本等要素市场改革,推进城市化、工业化和高效农业的发展,那么,就能够建立起农民收入增长的长期机制,从根本上解决农民收入问题。Rural income is one of the agricultural policy concerns in China. The rural - urban income gap has been widening since the mid 1980s although efforts have been made by the Chinese government to narrow it. The existence of the household registration system and its lagged reform has hindered the agricultural productivity growth, and the massive rural population and la- bor migration in China do not lead to income convergence between rural and urban areas. In re- cent years, the shortage of migrant workers indicates that Chinese economy has entered the stage of Lewis Turning Point. By analyzing the sources of rural income growth in China, and the impli- cations of the coming of Lewis Turning Point to income distribution, the authors point out that the Turning Point has created an opportunity for China to narrow the urban - rural income gap. The issue of rural income can be fundamentally solved by establishing a long - term mechanism of in- come growth if the factor market including land, labor and capital can be accelerated so as to facilitate urbanization and industrialization, and develop highefficiency modern agriculture.

关 键 词：农民收入 刘易斯转折点 要素市场 收入分配 

分 类 号：F323.8[经济管理—产业经济]