服农药与其他方式自杀未遂者的特征  

Characteristics of suicide attempters who ingested pesticides and those who used other methods

作　　者：肖春玲[1,2] 李献云[1,2] 张艳萍[1,2] 费立鹏[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京回龙观医院北京心理危机研究与干预中心 [2]世界卫生组织自杀预防研究与培训合作中心,北京100096

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2011年第2期128-133,共6页Chinese Mental Health Journal

摘　　要：目的：比较服农药与其他方式自杀未遂留院观察者的特征。方法：本研究是横断面研究，以我国6省市9所市县级综合医院为研究现场，由经培训的调查员用自制调查表对留院观察的617例自杀未遂者及家属等知情者进行调查，主要了解自杀意图强度、生活事件、生命质量等，并由精神科医师做精神科诊断。诊断依据美国精神障碍分类与诊断标准第4版（the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders．IVDSM—IV）进行。用非条件logistic回归模型分析自杀的危险因素。结果：617例被试以女性为主，占74％，平均年龄（33±13）岁，平均受教育年限（5．5±3．4）年。将被试分为服农药组468例，其他方式组149例，服农药组居住农村比例高（OR=4．7，95％CI：3．1—7．1）。控制居住地、性别和年龄后，服农药组受教育年限低（OR=2．6，95％C11．6～4．1），家庭人均月收入低（OR=1．8，95％CI=1．2～2．8），生命质量高（OR=1．9，95％CI：1．2—2．8），前2天有急性严重生活事件影响（OR=2．6，95％CI=1．7—3．8），客观自杀意图强度低（OR=3．4，95％CI=2．2—5．1），诊断为精神障碍比例低（OR=0．4，95％CI=0．3～0．6），既往有自杀未遂史者所占比例低（OR=0．4，95％CI=0．2—0．6），但亲友或熟人自杀者所占比例高（OR=1．9，95％CI=1．3—2．9）。结论：服农药自杀者客观自杀意图强度低，且自杀前多存在急性严萤牛活事件。Objective： To compare the characteristics between the suicide attempters who ingested pesticides and those who used other methods. Methods ： A cross-sectional studies was conducted in the emergency rooms of 9 general hospitals in China Totally 617 suicide attempters and their accompanying family members were surveyed with a self-made questionnaire for their suicide intent, quality of life, and life event mainly. The diagnosis of mental health was made according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV （DSM-IV） . Logistic regression models were used to analyze the risk factors for suicide. Results： The 617 subjects were mainly fe- males （74%）, and their average age were （33 ± 13） years, the average years of education were （5.5 ± 3.4） . These 617 subjects were divided into two groups, 468 individuals who ingested pesticides, and 149 who used other methods. The suicide attempts by pesticides ingestion were more in rural villages than suicide attempts by other methods （ OR = 4. 7, 95 % CI = 3. 1 - 7.1 ） . After controlling for location of residence, gender and age, the pesticide-ingestion suicide attempters had less education years （ OR = 2. 6, 95 % CI = 1.6 - 4. 1 ） and lower per capita family income （OR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.2 -2. 8） but a higher quality of life （OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.2 N 2. 8） . They were more likely to have experienced an acute stressor （ OR = 2. 6, 95 % CI = 1.7 - 3.8 ）, have a lower score on the objective subscale of the Suicide Intent Scale （ OR = 3.4, 95% CI = 2. 2 - 5. 1 ）, have a diagnosable mental illness （ OR = 0.4, 95 % CI = 0. 3 - 0. 6 ）, and have less prior suicide attempts （ OR = 0. 4, 95 % CI = 0. 2 - 0. 6 ）, but have more relatives who had suicidal behaviors （ OR -- 1.9, 95 % CI = 1.3 - 2. 9） . Conclusion： Compare to those who used other methods, the pesticide-ingestion suicide attempters are more likely to have a lower level of suicidal intent, and to have experienced an acute stressor.

关 键 词：自杀未遂 农药 农村女性 生活事件 横断面研究 

分 类 号：C913.9[经济管理] R749.5[社会学]