化疗患者PICC相关感染高危因素的研究  

Risk Factors Study in Cancer Chemotherapy Patients with PICC Catheter-Related Infection

作　　者：范爱飞[1] 李金华[2] 钟春嫦[3] 刘洁玲[3] 郭海云[3] 谢三英[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学深圳医院血液科,518036 [2]南方医科大学附属深圳市妇幼保健院护理部 [3]南方医科大学附属深圳市妇幼保健院乳腺科

出　　处：《中华全科医学》2011年第3期346-347,483,共3页Chinese Journal of General Practice

基　　金：广东省深圳市科技局立项项目(200703060)

摘　　要：目的探讨应用PICC置管化疗患者导管感染的相关高危因素。方法对适合PICC置管的肿瘤化疗患者648例进行置管化疗,拔管后常规给以穿刺点、导管尖端细菌培养。同时,拟对12个感染相关因素进行临床观察和分析。结果 PICC感染发生率为7.7%;引起PICC感染的相关高危因素有导管留置时间、化疗疗程、换药频次、血象、季节、是否合并糖尿病。这些危险因素对感染影响作用大小依次为留置时间>化疗疗程>血象>换药频次>季节>伴有糖尿病。而导管感染与穿刺次数、穿刺部位、年龄、性别、换药敷料类型等因素无明显相关关系。结论 PICC感染与导管留置时间、化疗疗程、血象、换药的频次、发生感染的季节、合并糖尿病等因素有关,在置管期间应对以上因素予以重视;对有感染高危险因素存在的导管留置者要定期监测各项感染指标;加强护理人员维护导管的专业培训有助于提高对PICC相关感染因素的预见性;健全、完善的健康教育则有利于减少PICC感染的发生。Objective To evaluate the PICC catheter-related infection risk factors with patients who received chemotherapy. Methods 648 cancer patients for chemotherapy were chosa to analyze 12 PICC catheter relevant infection factors, given the puncture site and catheter tip germicuhure after extubation. Results PICC infection rate was 7.7% ;PICC infection risk factors were related to catheter retention time,chemotherapy regimen,the frequency of dressing changes,hemogl＇am, season and whether or not they had diabetes. These risk factors most related to infection in turn were retention time, chemotherapy regimen, hemogram, the frequency of dressing changes, infection of season and diabetes. But the number of puncture puncture site, age, gender, type of dressing material had no significant correlation with cathete infection. Conclusion Those factors which could influence the infection rate, regular monitor the infection indicators of PICC with high risk factors should be paid attention to ;the professional training of nursing staff health education to patients could reduce the PICC catheter infection rate need to be enhanced.

关 键 词：PICC 感染 高危因素 化疗 肿瘤 护理 

分 类 号：R452[医药卫生—治疗学] R730.53[医药卫生—临床医学]