GIS支持的长江安徽段干流河道演变的遥感分析  

Remote Sensing Analysis of Evolution of the Yangtze River in Anhui Province Based on GIS

作　　者：殷鹏莲[1,2] 戴仕宝[2] 余学祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学地球与环境学院,安徽淮南232001 [2]滁州学院国土信息工程系,安徽滁州239012

出　　处：《测绘》2011年第1期28-33,共6页Surveying and Mapping

摘　　要：长江是我国的黄金水道,对长江安徽段河道演变的研究将有助于岸线资源的开发利用、河势变化分析及河道整治。本文运用RS与GIS方法对四期遥感TM影像图,采用目视解译和微机图像处理相结合的方法,分析研究了1980年以来长江干流安徽段河道的时空变化特征和规律。研究表明1980年以来长江干流安徽全河段总体河势保持相对稳定,未发生长河段的主流线大幅度摆动现象,但局部河段的河势仍不断调整,有的河段河势变化还相当剧烈。1980～2000年长江河道多处表现为泥沙的淤积作用,在分汊型河道边缘滩州和江心洲淤长作用明显,2000～2008年河道表现出明显的冲刷状态,主要原因在于上游来沙量的减少和下游的岸滩防护工作有效开展。2000～2008年,河流上段内滩洲冲刷速率大于下段。The Yangtze river is China＇s gold waterway,the research and the study of Yangtze River has been paid much attention to for many years.The development and utilization of shoreline resources,the regime change analysis and river regulation can be promoted according to the scientific study on the main channel of the Yangtze River in Anhui province.Based on the analysis of the TM images in 1980,2000,2004 and 2008（Four Periods） and combined with the method of RS（Remote Sensing） and GIS（Geographic Information System）,this paper studied the spatial and temporal changes of the main channel of the Yangtze River in Anhui province since 1980 according to take the methods with eye-sighting explanation and picture disposal technique in computure.The study shows that the main stream of the Yangtze River in Anhui remained relatively stable as a whole.Though no fierce vibration was occurred of the mainstream,adjusting of the river channel,fiercely at some parts,happened in response to the sediment supply from the upper reaches.The result indicates that the main stream has experienced an obvious switch from sedimentation（1980-2000） to erosion（2000-2008） because of the decreasing amount of sediment yeild from the upper Yangtze River and the effective protection work of river islands in the lower reaches.The sediment deposition takes great effect on most parts of Yangtze River,especially on the river edges of branching channel（1980-2000）.Between 2000 and 2008,the erosion rate of the river islands in upper segment was greater than those of the lower segment.

关 键 词：河道演变 遥感 地理信息系统 长江 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]