新疆杏品种花育性的调查分析  

Flower Fertility of Some Apricot Cultivars in Xinjiang

作　　者：李硕[1] 冯建荣[1] 李文慧[2] 樊新民[1] 曹晓燕[1] 章世奎[1] 刘月霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院园艺系,石河子832003 [2]新疆农业科学院轮台国家果树资源圃,轮台841600

出　　处：《石河子大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第1期20-24,共5页Journal of Shihezi University(Natural Science)

基　　金：科技部"863"计划项目(2008AA10Z109);教育部"新世纪优秀人才"支持计划项目(NCET-08-0918)

摘　　要：为了解南疆杏栽培品种花的育性,探索杏败育机理,克服生产中杏败育现象,调查了新疆农科院轮台国家果树资源圃托乎提等10个新疆栽培杏品种的单花花药数、单药花粉数、花粉萌发率和雌蕊败育率。结果表明：1）不同杏品种间单花花药数存在一定的差异,其中托乎提的单花花药数最高,为32.72粒/花,黄胡安娜的单花花药数最低,为28.88粒/花;2）同一品种不同部位的单药花粉量差异不显著,而不同品种间的单药花粉数存在一定的差异。其中,黄胡安娜的单药花粉数极显著高于晚熟杏和奎克皮曼;3）8个杏品种花粉萌发率为4.86%~15.02%,不同品种的花粉萌发率存在一定的差异;4）10个供试杏品种的雌蕊败育率为27.00%~93.00%,其中,托乎提雌蕊败育率最高,为92.87%,洪待克雌蕊败育率最低,为27.15%。不同品种之间雌蕊败育率存在着一定的差异。In order to probe flower fertility of apricot cultivars in Xinjiang,anther number per flower（ANPF）,pollen number per anther（PNPA）,pollen germination rate（PGR） and pistil abortion rate（PAR） in 10 cultivars which were from Luntai National Fruit Germplasm Resource Garden,were investigated.The results showed that 1） ANPF had significant differences in different cultivars.Among them,ANPF in Tuohuti was the toppest with 32.72 and that in Huanghuanna was the smallest with 28.88;2） PNPA had no significant difference in different parts of tree body,however,PNPA had some differences in different cultivars.PNPA of Huanghuanna was significantly higher than that of Wanshuxing and Kuikepiman;3） PGR of 10 cultivars was between 4.86%～15.02%,and PGR had significant differences in different cultivars;4） PAR of 10 cultivars was between 27.00%~93.00%,PAR in Tuohuti was the highest with 92.87% and that in Hongdaike was the lowest with 27.15%.PAR had significant differences in different cultivars.

关 键 词：杏 花药 花粉 萌发率 雌蕊败育 

分 类 号：S662.2[农业科学—果树学]