不同播期对春大豆生态性状的影响  

Effect of Sowing Dates on Ecological Traits of Spring Soybean

作　　者：宁海龙[1] 孙培乐[2] 宋兆华[2] 陈东升[2] 孙学亮[3] 赵丽丹[3] 李文滨[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学大豆研究所,大豆生物学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]黑龙江省农垦科学院科研处,黑龙江佳木斯154007 [3]黑龙江省农垦科学院科源种业,黑龙江佳木斯154007

出　　处：《大豆科学》2011年第1期73-78,共6页Soybean Science

基　　金：哈尔滨科技创新人才研究专项基金资助项目(2007RFQXN014)

摘　　要：将来自北纬22.7°至北纬50.2°的19个春播大豆品种在2 a内分4期进行播种,研究了播期对不同生育期类型春大豆的形态和产量等生态性状的影响。结果表明:株高和主茎节数随着播期的延迟逐渐降低,并且降低幅度随着播期的延迟而增加。在各种熟期类型品种中,中早熟类型品种的株高和主茎节数降低的幅度最大。不同播期下大豆植株的地上生物产量、茎秆重、荚壳、籽粒产量、单株荚数、单位面积粒数和百粒重差异较大,并且播期对不同熟期类型品种的作用不同。在迟播(6月11日和7月1日播种)条件下,早熟、中早熟和中晚熟类型品种的籽粒重占地上部生物产量的比例(经济系数)提高。迟播(6月11日和7月1日播种)可提高极早熟类型品种的单株荚数、单位面积粒数和百粒重。Ninteen spring soybean varieties spread from N 22.7°to N 50.2°were sowed on 4 dates in 2 years,respectively.The objective of present research is to study the effect of sowing dates on ecological traits of spring soybean.The results showed that plant heights and nods of main stem decreased as sowing date delayed and the degree of delayed amount increased gradually.Among all mature types,early-middle varieties showed the lowest plant height and nods of main stem.There were significant variations in aboveground biological weight,dry stem weight,pod shell weight,seed weight,among different maturity varieties.Effect of sowing date varied according to maturity types.Under delayed sowing date（sowing at June 11 and July 1） the ratio of seed to aboveground biological weight（economical coefficient） increased for early and middle verieties early.Number of pod per plant,number of seed per unite area and 100-seed weight were increased for ueltra-early varieties.

关 键 词：春大豆 播期 生态性状 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]