酸雨与镉对大豆幼苗光合作用复合影响的模拟试验  

Simulation Experiment of Complex Effects of Acid Rain and Cadmium on Photosynthesis of Soybean Seedling

作　　者：文可佳[1] 陈敏敏[1] 周青[1] 梁婵娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]江南大学环境与土木工程学院,江苏无锡214122

出　　处：《中国农业气象》2011年第1期52-55,60,共5页Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology

基　　金：江苏省教育厅高等学校教育教学改革项目(3-26-77);教育部国家大学生创新实验计划项目(081029515)

摘　　要：采用生化分析方法、叶绿素荧光测定系统及透射电镜技术,测定不同强度酸雨与镉胁迫对大豆幼苗叶绿素含量、Hill反应速率、Mg2+-ATPase活性、荧光参数及叶绿体结构的复合影响。结果表明,与对照相比,单一酸雨和镉作用下,各指标随胁迫强度变化趋势为叶绿素含量(Hill反应速率和Mg2+-ATPase活性)降低,初始荧光"先降后增",最大光化学效率和最大量子产量"先增后降"。酸雨与镉复合作用下,叶绿素含量的变化表现为上述单一作用的相加效应,Hill反应速率、Mg2+-ATPase活性变化为单一作用的协同效应,荧光参数对酸雨与低(高)含量镉复合作用的响应表现为单一作用的拮抗效应(协同效应)。酸雨与镉复合作用下,叶绿体超微结构受到损伤。结合各指标变化进一步得出,叶绿体结构损伤是酸雨和镉对大豆幼苗叶绿素含量及光合光反应,乃至光合作用受抑的内在原因之一。Complex effects of the different intensity of acid rain and cadmium（Cd）on chlorophyll content,Hill reaction rate,Mg^2＋-ATPase activity,fluorescence parameters and chloroplast ultrastructure in soybean seedling were investigated by biochemical analysis method,chlorophyll fluorescence system and transmission electron microscopy.The results indicated that compared with the control,in the single action of acid rain and Cd,the tendency of change in the test indexes was shown in the different way,which was the decrease in the chlorophyll content,Hill reaction rate and Mg^2＋-ATPase activity,the decrease and then increase in the initial fluorescence,and the increase and then decrease in the maximal photochemical efficiency（F） and maximal quantum yield.In the complex action of acid rain and Cd,the additive and synergistic effect of the single action mentioned above were observed in the change in the chlorophyll content and the Hill reaction rate（Mg2＋-ATPase activity）,respectively.Meanwhile,the antagonistic（synergistic） effect of the single action of acid rain and the low（high） concentration of Cd was observed in the change in the fluorescence parameters.Moreover,in the complex action of acid rain and Cd,the chloroplast ultrastructure in soybean seedling was damaged.It was further obtained from the change in the test indexes that the damage of chloroplast ultrastructure was one of the reasons why the chlorophyll content,light reaction and then photosynthesis of soybean seedling in the complex treatment with acid rain and Cd were inhibited.

关 键 词：酸雨 镉(CD) 大豆幼苗 光合作用 复合作用 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]