落叶松人工林重要害虫天敌——大腹圆蛛生物学特性及其对害虫控制作用的研究  

Biology of Orb-weaver Spider Araneus ventricosus and Its Role in Insect Pest Control

作　　者：王志明[1] 刘进宝 王海峰 杨彦龙[3] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学农学院,吉林长春130118 [2]吉林省敦化市林业局,吉林敦化133700 [3]长春师范学院,吉林长春130032

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2011年第1期39-44,共6页Forest Research

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划项目"落叶松人工林病虫害可持续防治技术的研究"(20100252)

摘　　要：大腹圆蛛(Araneus ventricosus)在吉林省2年完成1代,跨3个年度,以1 2龄和6 7龄若蛛越冬。该蛛除卵期及1、2龄蛛外,其它龄态的若、成蛛均张网捕食生活。该蛛喜居有光的栖境,在林缘、林窗处、路旁处结圆形垂直网,昼伏夜出,在小雨条件下可以正常活动。大腹圆蛛对小型猎物可直接取食,对中、大型猎物,需缠绕成束的捕获丝缚住再取食。在林间大腹圆蛛可取食多种蛾和叶蜂成虫,包括兴安落叶松鞘蛾、落叶松毛虫、黄褐幕枯叶蛾、舞毒蛾、栎毒蛾、松皮小卷蛾、松廮小卷蛾、伊藤厚丝叶蜂和落叶松叶蜂等多种落叶松害虫,是一种有效的害虫天敌。The life cycle of orb-weaver spider,Araneus ventricosus（Arachnida： Araneae,Araneidae） takes for two years stretching over three years in Jilin province,China.The spider overwinters in the first to second and the six to seven instars.Except for the egg stage and the first to second instars,the other young instars and the mature spiders spin webs so they can catch insects and other small animals for their food.The spider favorites light place in the habitat,and spin vertical circular nets in the forest edge,forest gap,roadside,resting in the daytime and feeding in the night.Even in the light rain condition they are active normally.The spider can prey directly small insects,however,for large insect they can feed it after web capture silk is twined.The spider feed many larch insect pests,including the moths of Coleophora obducta（Meyrick）,Dendrolimus superans（Butler）,Malacosoma neustria testacea Motschulsky,Lymantria dispar L.,Lymantria mathura Moore,Laspeyresia grunertiana（Ratzburg）,Laspeyresia zebeana（Ratzeburg）,and the sawflies of Pachynematus itoi Okutani,Pristiphora erichsonii（Hartig）.Thus,the spider potentially becomes an effective natural enemy of larch insect pests.

关 键 词：大腹圆蛛 生物学特性 害虫防治 落叶松林 

分 类 号：S763[农业科学—森林保护学] Q959.226.2[农业科学—林学]