重金属Cu对堆肥过程中微生物群落代谢和水解酶活性的影响  

Effect of Heavy Metal Cu on Microbial Community Metabolic Profiles and Hydrolytic Enzyme Activities in Composting

作　　者：郭星亮[1] 谷洁[2] 高华[2] 秦清军[2] 张卫娟[2] 李海龙[2] 陈胜男[2] 刘江[1] 张洪宾[2] 陈琳[1] 邵丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学理学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学资源与环境学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2011年第2期375-382,共8页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40771109;40871119);科技部星火计划(2008GA850013;2008GA850007);农业部948项目(2010-Z20)

摘　　要：为了探讨重金属Cu对堆肥过程的影响,以猪粪、麦秸、废菌糠为原料并接种复合微生物菌剂,在静态堆肥条件下,研究了Cu对堆肥过程中温度、微生物群落代谢能力和水解酶活性的变化。结果表明,CK处理(不添加Cu)高温期维持5d(其中55℃以上维持4d)达到无害化的温度要求;添加Cu处理后,L处理(Cu浓度为100mg.kg-1)高温期(>50℃)只持续4d;H处理(Cu浓度为500mg.kg-1)在整个堆肥过程中只有1d超过55℃,高温期只维持2d,L、H处理均未达到无害化的温度要求。以Biolog方法为主要检测手段并结合聚类分析和主成分分析方法,分析了重金属Cu对堆肥过程中微生物群落代谢能力的影响,结果表明,低剂量Cu能提高微生物群落对聚合物类碳源的转化与利用的能力,高剂量Cu对微生物群落利用中间代谢物和复杂大分子类碳源产生一定的抑制作用。水解酶活性分析结果表明,低剂量Cu对水解酶有一定的激活效应,高剂量Cu对水解酶有一定的抑制效应。The objective of the study is to research the potential mechanism of heavy metal Cu on composting in high temperature and static state.An experiment was conducted with mixed materials of pig manure,wheat straw,spent mushroom substrate and microbial inoculants to study the effect of heavy metal Cu on temperature,microbial community metabolic profiles and hydrolytic enzyme during composting.The results indicated that CK（without Cu） treatment achieved the temperature requirement of harmlessness,and the high temperature lasted 5 d（of which more than 55 ℃ maintained 4 d）.The high temperature phase（50 ℃） of L treatment（The concentration of Cu was 100 mg·kg-1） only lasted 4 d,the high temperature phase of H treatment（The concentration of Cu was 500 mg·kg-1） lasted 2 d（of which exceeded 55 ℃ kept 1 d）.The treatments of L and H didn＇t achieve the temperature requirement of the harmlessness.The effect of heavy metal Cu on microbial community metabolic profiles during composting was studied with Biolog method,and combined with cluster analysis and PCA.The results showed that the treatment of L could enhance the metabolic capability of amino acids and polymers,while the treatment of H had inhibition effect on the metabolic capability of polymers and intermediate metabolite.In addition,the L treatment could promote the activity of hydrolytic enzyme,however,the H treatment showed depression effect on them.

关 键 词：CU 高温堆肥 微生物群落代谢 Biolog方法 聚类分析 PCA分析 水解酶 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]