广州市白云山五种森林类型的土壤渗透性研究  

Study on Soil Permeability Capability of Five Forest Types in Baiyunshan Scenic Spot of Guangzhou

作　　者：喻明美[1] 谢正生[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学林学院,广州510642 [2]华南农业大学经济林研究中心,广州510642

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2011年第1期153-156,共4页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金："十一五"国家林业科技支撑计划子课题"珠三角城市森林修复与改造建设技术试验示范"(2006BAD03A1701);广州市白云山风景名胜区管理局项目"广州市白云山风景名胜区生态资源保护与开发的可持续发展研究"(4400-H03055)

摘　　要：通过对广州白云山五种典型森林林地的土壤渗透性能进行测定分析,结果表明,广州白云山林地0-60cm土层的初渗速率、稳渗速率、平均渗透速率的变化范围分别为:2.26～3.91,1.31～2.09,1.51～2.46mm/min。其土壤入渗速率与入渗时间表现为幂函数关系。土壤渗透率的空间分布在0-20cm、20-40cm、40-60cm三个不同土层间以及在不同森林类型间均无显著性差异。在森林类型间的大小顺序为:天然次生阔叶纯林>人工阔叶林>人工针叶林>天然次生阔叶混交林>人工灌丛草地。土壤初渗速率、稳渗速率和平均渗透速率的大小受其它物理性状的影响,分别与土壤总孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度、石砾含量呈极显著正相关关系,与容重呈显著负相关。其中非毛管孔隙度和石砾含量是主导因子。该研究可为城市森林区的水土保持功能评价和水源涵养功能测算提供参考依据。The soil permeability of five typical forest types were studied in Baiyunshan scenic spot of Guang zhou. The results showed that the soil initial infiltration rates, stable infiltration rates and average infiltra tion rates of 0--60 cm soil layers varied 2.26-3.91 mm/min, 1.31-2.09 mm/min, 1.51-2.46 mm/min, respectively. Soil infiltration rate f（t） versus time （t） coefficients regression equation performs exponent relation. The soil infiltration had no significant difference among 0--20 era, 20--40 cm and 40--60 cm soil layers. There was no significant difference in soil infiltration among the different forest types, too. The sequence of soil infiltration of forest types was natural secondary pure broad leaved forest〉broad-leaved plantation 〉coniferous plantation 〉natural secondary mixed forest〉hrub-grassland plantation. The soil initial infiltration rates, stable infiltration rates and average infiltration rates influenced by the other soil physical properties, they assumed the positive correlativity with total porosity, non capillary porosity and the content of rock fragment, while bulk gravity had the inverse correlations, respectively. Among them, the non-capillary porosity and the content of rock fragment were dominant factors. The study can provide reference for evaluation of water conservation and calculation of water conservation in urban forest.

关 键 词：土壤渗透率 城市森林 初渗速率 水土保持 水源涵养 

分 类 号：S715.3[农业科学—林学]