秋水仙素诱导葡萄风信子多倍体的研究  

Colchicines Induced Polyploid Plants of Muscari armeniacum

作　　者：贾美丽[1] 王飞[1] 贾爱平[1] 郑丽娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2011年第1期114-118,共5页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新项目(kzcxz-xb1-06)

摘　　要：在离体培养条件下,比较了秋水仙素不同质量分数、不同处理时间诱导亚美尼亚葡萄风信子体细胞染色体加倍的效果。利用秋水仙素混配和浸泡法对亚美尼亚葡萄风信子的染色体进行加倍诱导,采用染色体常规压片法鉴定染色体数目。结果表明,浸泡法以秋水仙素质量分数为0.05%,时间为15 h的变异率最高,达到45.6%;混培法以秋水仙素质量分数为0.05%,时间为15 d的变异率最高,为21.1%。经秋水仙素诱导的变异株与正常二倍体植株比较,诱变植株叶片变厚变宽,叶色变深,鳞茎变大,气孔显著增大而单位面积气孔数减少,对诱变植株进行细胞学观察后发现,对照二倍体植株2n=2x=18,变异株2n=4x=36,为四倍体,另外还发现嵌合体的存在。The effect of colchicine concentration on chromosome reduplication of Muscari armeniacum was compared and time duration under the condition of vitro cultivation.The chromosome reduplication of Muscari armeniacum was induced with mixed and soaked colchicine,and chromosome number were identified by conventional chromosome pellet.For the treatment of soaked colchicines,the best induction effect was obtained under the condition of concentration 0.05% and time duration 15 h,induction rate reached to 45.6%.For the mixed colchicines,the highest induction rate was 21.1% under the condition of concentration 0.05% and time duration 15 d.Compared with the normal diploid plants and the colchicines-induced plants,the colchicines-induced plants had thicker and larger leaves,darker leaf color,larger bulbs,larger stomata and fewer stomata number per unit area.Cytological observation confirmed that chromosome number of tetraploids was 2n = 4x =36,however,chromosome number of diploids was 2n=2x =18,and a few mosaic were found.

关 键 词：葡萄风信子 秋水仙素 多倍体 染色体 

分 类 号：S682.29[农业科学—观赏园艺]