娱乐场所话筒头部球面的微生物群落分布调查  

Investigation of Microorganism Contamination on Head of Microphones in Amusement Buildings

作　　者：陈云霞[1] 武延隽[1] 张雄鹰[1] 程红兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]长治医学院微生物学教研室,山西长治046000

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2011年第1期58-60,共3页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：山西教育厅科研开发项目(20041242)

摘　　要：目的调查话筒头部球面微生物分布情况。方法于2010年6—7月,采集山西某地3家KTV练歌房的50部话筒头部的微生物样本,采样时间分别在距最近1次话筒使用时间≤10 min、4～8 h和14～18 h。采用常规培养与鉴定法检测细菌与真菌,采用直接免疫荧光法(DFA)检测呼吸道病毒(腺病毒,呼吸道合胞病毒,流感病毒A、B型,副流感病毒1、2、3型)抗原。结果随着采样时间的延长,话筒头部球面细菌总数呈下降趋势。话筒头部球面细菌菌群以葡萄球菌属、链球菌属、奈瑟菌属、棒状杆菌属、芽胞杆菌属为主,检出率分别为98.00%,100.00%,38.50%,24.00%,62.00%;检出的细菌有表皮葡萄球菌、溶血葡萄球菌、血浆凝固酶阳性葡萄球菌(部分鉴定为金黄色葡萄球菌)、咽峡炎链球菌、唾液链球菌、血链球菌、干燥奈瑟菌、枯草芽孢杆菌与蜡样芽孢杆菌。真菌阳性培养率为38%,共检出4属真菌,分别为曲霉属、青霉属、假丝酵母属和隐球菌属,检出率分别为29.50%,29.00%,8.00%,4.50%;霉菌在话筒较长时间闲置后均有检出。呼吸道病毒中腺病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、流感病毒A型、流感病毒B型、副流感病毒1型、副流感病毒2型、副流感病毒3型抗原检出率分别为56.00%,88.00%,68.00%,80.00%,44.00%,44.00%,68.00%。结论本次调查的话筒头部球体表面存在比较丰富的微生物种群,其中有致病性微生物与条件致病性微生物,是潜在的呼吸道感染的传播媒介。：Objective To investigate the microorganism contamination on the head of microphones used in the amusement buildings. Methods Fifty microphones were chosen from 3 KTV in Shanxi province and the sampling was conducted in June to July 2010, and the sampling time was ≤ 10 min,4-8 h and 14-18 h from the last using. The abundance and density of the flora was detected by culture and identify tests, and the antigen of respiratory virus was detected by direct fluorescence antibody （DFA）. Results The count of bacteria decreased with the prolongation of the interval of sampling time. On the head of microphones, the dominant bacteria were Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Neisseria, Corynebacterium and Bacillus, the rate of detection was 98.00%, 100.00%, 38.50%, 24.00% and 62.00% respectively. Staphylococcus epidermids ,Staphylococcus hemolyticus,Staphylococcus aureus,Streptococcus anginosus,Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus sanguis,Neisseria sicca,Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus which were isolated. There were 4 fungal genus were detected,which were Aspergillus, PeniciUium, Candida and Cryptococus, the rates of detection were 29.50%, 29.00%, 8.00% and 4.50% respectively. And the positive culture rate of fungus was 38% ,but it was 100% when the microphones were left unused for over 14 hours. The rates of detection for antigens for adenovirus,respiratory syncytial virus,influenza virus A,influenza virus B,parainfluenza virus 1,parainfluenza virus 2 and parainflnenza virus 3 were 56.00%, 88.00%, 68.00%, 80.00%, 44.00% ,44.00% and 68.00%, respectively. Conclusion There is an abundant microbial population on the head of microphones, including pathogens and conditioned pathogens. The microphone may be concerned in the research of vehicles associated with respiratory infectious diseases.

关 键 词：话筒 呼吸道微生物 培养与鉴定 直接免疫荧光法 传播媒介 

分 类 号：R126.4[医药卫生—环境卫生学]