MC与MG对尼罗罗非鱼和大口黑鲈游泳行为的影响  

Effects of Microcystins and Malachite Green on the Swimming Behavior of Tilapia nilotic and Micropterus salmoides

作　　者：黄志东[1] 梁旭方[1] 程炜轩[1] 何珊[1] 俞梦洁[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学生命科学技术学院,广东广州510632

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2011年第1期89-93,共5页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：国家科技部863项目(2007AA09Z437);国家自然科学基金项目(30670367);广东省科技计划项目(2007B020701002;2005B20301005);广东省自然科学基金项目(031886)

摘　　要：尼罗罗非鱼(Tilapia nilotica)和大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoide)是中国主要的淡水经济鱼类,其养殖过程中常遇到微囊藻毒素(Microcystin,MC)与孔雀石绿(Malachite green,MG)的危害。MC和MG通过食物链在人体中富集,给人类的健康造成了严重的威胁。研究测定了人工饲养的尼罗罗非鱼和大口黑鲈在含有MC和MG的水体中的行为反应。结果表明,尼罗罗非鱼和大口黑鲈在0.2和0.5μg/L MC-LR的水体中处理60min内,其游泳行为相对于对照组无显著性差异,然而,在0.5mg/L MG的水体中处理30min后,尼罗罗非鱼胸鳍摆动频显著上升,大口黑鲈胸鳍摆动频率也在25、30、45min等3个不连续的时间点出现显著的变化。说明尼罗罗非鱼和大口黑鲈对天然毒素MC具有较强的抵抗能力,而对人工毒素MG较为敏感;胸鳍摆动频率可作为尼罗罗非鱼和大口黑鲈一个较为敏感的反映环境变化的行为指标。Tilapia nilotica and Micropterus salmoides,main freshwater commercial fish species of China,are usually threatened by Microcystin（MC）and malachite green（MG）in aquaculture.They also become serious threat to human health via acumulating in human body.This study investigated the swimming behavioral responses of Tilapia nilotica and Micropterus salmoides in exposure to water with different concentrations of MC or MG.The results showed that when exposed to 0.2 or 0.5 μg/L MC,no significant swimming behavior response of Tilapia nilotica and Micropterus salmoides to MC were observed.However,when exposed to 5 μg/L MG,the frequency of swing pectoral fins of Tilapia nilotica increased significantly after 30 min,and the frequency of swing pectoral fins of Micropterus salmoides changed notably at 25,30 and 45 min.The results indicated that both Tilapia nilotica and Micropterus salmoides have a strong resistance to the natural toxin MC,but are more sensitive to the artificial toxin MG.The frequency of swing pectoral fins can thus be used as a sensitive behavioral indicator of environmental changes.

关 键 词：微囊藻毒素 孔雀石绿 尼罗罗非鱼 大口黑鲈 游泳行为 

分 类 号：Q959.4[生物学—动物学]