室温离子液体中超声辐照制备氧化锌纳米棒的研究  

Study of zinc oxide nanorods prepared in room temperature ionic liquid via ultrasonic irradiation

作　　者：杨浩[1] 汪海燕[1] 杨跃涛[1] 刘晓峻[1] 张淑仪[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学声学研究所近代声学教育部重点实验室,南京210093

出　　处：《声学学报》2011年第2期167-171,共5页Acta Acustica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(11074125;11074127;10874087)

摘　　要：离子液体与超声技术结合在纳米材料的制备中具有广阔的前景,但目前以离子液体为溶剂超声制备纳米材料的报道还不多见,相关的反应机理研究也亟待开展。本文首次在室温离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐中超声制备了氧化锌纳米棒,该方法具有简便、快速和环境友好等特点。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)对纳米氧化锌的结构和形貌进行表征。作为比较研究,采用传统的低蒸汽压有机溶剂二缩三乙二醇在同样的超声反应条件制备了纳米氧化锌材料。离子液体中超声合成样品为直径约20 nm,长度30～50 nm的纳米棒,而在二缩三乙二醇中超声制备的样品为直径6～8 nm的纳米颗粒。利用光声光谱(PAS)研究了纳米氧化锌样品的光学性能和量子尺寸效应。对离子液体中超声制备氧化锌纳米棒可能的反应机理进行了讨论并建立了的反应模型。结果表明在在超声辐照和离子液体溶剂的共同作用下氧化锌纳米棒得以生成。Ionic liquids are promising green replacements for the traditional volatile organic solvents.The mechanism study of nanomaterials preparation in ionic liquids via ultrasonic irradiation has been rarely exploited.In this work,a simple,fast and green approach for the preparation of zinc oxide nanorods has been firstly achieved in room-temperature ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate with ultrasound.The as-prepared samples are characterized by X-ray diffraction,transmission electron microscopy.For comparison,zinc oxide nanomaterials have been prepared under the same experimental condition in triethylene glycol,a conventional organic solvent with low vapor pressure.It is found that nanorods with diameters of about 20 nm and lengths from 30 nm to 50 nm are obtained in ionic liquid via ultrasonic irradiation,while nanoparticles are obtained in the conventional organic solution.Photoacoustic spectroscopy （PAS） has been used to study the optical properties and quantum size effect of the samples.A possible mechanism is proposed to explain the formation of ZnO nanorods in the ionic liquid via ultrasonic irradiation,and a reaction model is also established.The result shows that ZnO nanorods can be obtained by combining the advantages of both room temperature ionic liquid and ultrasound.

关 键 词：室温离子液体 氧化锌纳米棒 超声辐照 1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐 制备 纳米氧化锌材料 二缩三乙二醇 透射电子显微镜 

分 类 号：TB383.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]