解决尼罗河水争端的国际法思考  

Settlement of the Nile Water Disputes:Reflections from the International Law

作　　者：洪永红[1] 刘婷[2] 

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学非洲法律与社会研究中心 [2]湘潭大学法学院

出　　处：《西亚非洲》2011年第3期12-18,共7页West Asia and Africa

基　　金：国家社科基金课题《中非法律合作的历史与发展》(07BFX013);对外经济贸易大学211三期项目(73400054)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：尼罗河水争端由来已久,沿岸各国立场迥异。随着尼罗河沿岸各国人口的不断增长、经济的发展以及连年的干旱,尼罗河水争端日趋激烈。特别是2010年肯尼亚等五国签署重新分配尼罗河水份额的协议,更引起了主张维护其"历史权利"的埃及和苏丹的强烈不满,引发了新一轮的争端。尼罗河水争端的解决有赖于沿岸各国进行直接的协商谈判,各国都应作出一定的妥协,在遵循国际水法基本原则的基础上,追求共同订立全面、公正合理且兼顾各方利益的多边协议;并最终通过建立区域合作机制来解决争端。There are long-standing water disputes among riparian countries of the Nile River,and the standpoints of all these countries are rather different.With the development of the economy,the continuous growth of the population,and years' droughts,all riparian countries increased water demands,which further intensified water disputes.In May 2010,a new round of disputes arose after five riparian countries,including Kenya,signed the Nile River Cooperative Framework Agreement intending to redistribute the share of the Nile water.This caused strong dissatisfaction from Egypt and Sudan who claimed to maintain their 'history right'.The settlement of water disputes relies on direct negotiations among all riparian countries.During the negotiations,all countries should:firstly,make some concessions and do their utmost to reach a multilateral agreement based on basic principles of international water law,and the agreement should be comprehensive,fair,reasonable and can balance interests of all riparian countries;secondly,establish a regional cooperation mechanism to find final solutions to the disputes.

关 键 词：国际水法 尼罗河水争端 埃及 苏丹 

分 类 号：D993.3[政治法律—国际法学]