缺水地区农业种植结构调整和经济灌溉定额研究  

Research on agricultural planting structure adjustment and economical irrigation quota for water scarcity area

作　　者：刘俊 胡晓寒[2] 鲁欣[3] 秦大庸[3] 韩波 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电第二工程局有限公司,北京100761 [2]华北电力大学,北京102206 [3]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038

出　　处：《水利水电技术》2011年第2期52-56,61,共6页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：国家"973"项目课题(2006CB403401)"海河流域二元水循环模式与水资源演变机理";"中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金"(10QG23)

摘　　要：从调整农业种植结构和制定经济灌溉定额两个方面出发,探索提高农业灌溉水量的利用效率和效益的问题。根据唐山现状建立了兼顾社会、生态综合效益,以区域经济效益最大为目标,以农业灌溉供水量,播种面积,市场需求为约束条件的农业产业结构调整模型,并采用非线性规划方法求解。主要结果如下:(1)结构调整向着单方水经济效益高的作物倾斜。(2)调整后农业灌溉水量为原来的64%。(3)调整后有效降雨利用量占作物总用水量的比例明显增加。(4)全市综合灌溉定额调整前为285.7 mm,调整后为195.6 mm。From the aspects of both the adjustment of agricultural planting structure and the establishment of economical irrigation quota, the enhancement of the efficiency and benefit of the utilization of agricultural irrigation water is studied herein. Based On the relevant status of Tangshan, a model for the adjustment of agriculture is established by taking the maximization of the regional economic benefit as the target with the consideration of the comprehensive social and ecological benefits under the restriction of agricultural irrigation water supply, planting area and market demand. From which, the main results are 1. the agricultural struc- ture is adjusted to tend to the crop with higher economic benefit from the irrigation water; 2. the agricultural irrigation water requirement is only 64% of that of the original after the adjustment; 3. the proportion of the effective precipitation within the total water consumption is obviously increased after the adjustment; 4. the comprehensive irrigation quota is 285.7 mm before the adjustment and is 195. 6 mm after that.

关 键 词：农业结构调整 经济灌溉定额 有效降雨 非线性规划 唐山市 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]