新型破冰结构破冰和保护能力试验研究  

Experimental study of ability of icebreaking and protecting effect of a new icebreaking structure

作　　者：董吉武[1] 李志军[1] 孔祥鹏[2] 张勇[1] 李广伟[1] 张丽敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学海岸和近海工程国家重点实验室,辽宁大连116024 [2]大连海事大学环境科学与工程学院,辽宁大连116026

出　　处：《大连理工大学学报》2011年第1期121-126,共6页Journal of Dalian University of Technology

基　　金：中国石油天然气集团公司石油科技中青年创新基金资助项目(05E7005);创新研究群体科学基金资助项目(50921001)

摘　　要：为降低大面积冰排对滩海区海上结构物的作用力,设计了一种新型破冰结构.利用破冰结构使大面积冰排发生弯曲破坏变成面积较小的破碎冰块,降低破冰结构后方被保护结构物上的冰力.以圆柱桩为例,通过试验对比冰排对圆柱桩挤压力以及破碎后的冰块对圆柱桩撞击力,检验破冰结构对圆柱桩的保护能力.另外,为检验破冰结构的稳定性,测试了冰排对破冰结构的水平作用力,并进行了破冰结构的滑移和倾覆试验.引用相对参数衡量破冰结构的保护能力,分析了相对水深、相对距离对保护能力的影响.试验结果表明在水位低于破冰结构顶部时,破冰结构自身稳定性良好,保护能力显著.基于上述性能,该新型破冰结构在滩海区将有很好的应用前景.A new icebreaking structure was designed to decrease large forces of ice floes on offshore structures in shallow waters.The structure was used to break the large-area ice floes into small pieces to reduce the ice forces on the protected maritime structures at the back by breaking the floating ice in bending.A column pile was taken as an example to inspect the protection effect of the new icebreaking structure.A series of physical model tests were conducted to simulate the crushing loads of ice floes and the impact forces of broken ice pieces on the pile,respectively.Additionally,the level ice load on the structure was measured and the test of sliding and overturning itself was carried out to determine the stability of the icebreaking structure.A relative coefficient was used to quantify the protection effect.The influence of relative water level and relative distance on the protection effect was analyzed.The test results show that the stability of the structure is good,and protection effect becomes increasingly apparent while the water level is lower than the summit of it.Due to the positive effect,the new icebreaking structure has a broad prospect in shallow icy waters.

关 键 词：海冰 结构物 冰力 破冰 模型试验 

分 类 号：P731.15[天文地球—海洋科学]