电动生物修复底泥中电场对微生物活性的影响  

Effects of Electrokinetic Bioremediation of Electric Field on Sediment Microbial Activity

作　　者：刘广容[1,2] 叶春松[1] 钱勤[1] 陆伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学动力与机械学院,湖北武汉430072 [2]武汉大学污淤泥研究中心,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（理学版）》2011年第1期47-51,共5页Journal of Wuhan University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2002CB412307)

摘　　要：采用电动生物复合技术修复底泥,探讨了电场对底泥污染物中微生物的生长活性、营养物质的迁移等的影响.实验发现,强电场(3V.cm-1)会降低细菌的活性,而弱电场(1V.cm-1)可激活微生物的活性.相应地,弱电场下的底泥中脱氢酶活性高于强电场下的底泥;电场作用下阳极附近的异养菌生长会受到抑制;较高频率的电极正负极交替有助于消除电场作用对阳极附近异养菌总数的影响.用电动方法向底泥中注入营养物质,发现含氮化合物能在底泥中电动迁移,其中硝酸根的迁移性强于铵盐,而阴极室中磷含量下降,但磷酸根在底泥中未发生迁移.Sediment pollution is quite a serious problem in the whole world.Hybrid technology of electrokinetic（EK） bioremediation was adopted to restore the polluted sediment.In this paper,effects of electric field were studied on the vulnerability of bacteria and the mobility of nutrient through the sediment.It was found that strong electric field（3 V·cm-1） would reduce the activity of bacteria,while the weak electric field（1 V·cm-1） could activate the microbial activity,and accordingly,dehydrogenase activity in sediment under weak electric field（1 V·cm-1）was higher than that under stronger electric field（3 V·cm-1）.We found electric field could inhibit the growth of heterotrophic bacteria nearby cathode,and electric field polarity reversal might be an effective way to minimize such effects.Finally,the feasibility research of electrokinetic injection of nutrients into the sediments was made.The test proved that EK technology had the ability to introduce nitrogen compounds into the sediments,with the nitrate showing greater mobility than the ammonium.Meanwhile,the phosphate content decreased in the catholyte,but it did not transport through the sediments.

关 键 词：电动生物修复 微生物活性 电动迁移 湖泊底泥 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程]