不同种植年限黑土型蔬菜保护地磷素状况的研究  

PHOSPHORUS STATUS OF BLACK SOIL IN VEGETABLE SOIL AFTER DIFFERENT PLANTING DURATION

作　　者：高妍[1] 姜佰文[1] 刘大森[1] 王春宏[1] 张迪[1] 刘学生[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《核农学报》2011年第1期121-126,共6页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业部公益性行业科研专项(200803034)

摘　　要：采用石灰性土壤无机磷形态分级方法,对不同种植年限的蔬菜保护地0～60cm土层土壤磷素形态及其含量特征与差异进行了研究。结果表明:哈尔滨市蔬菜保护地土壤磷素处于大量积累状态,其中全磷、速效磷、有机磷、Ca2-P、Ca8-P、Al-P、Fe-P、O-P、Ca10-P在0～20cm土层积累较多,且随土层深度的增加各形态磷的含量逐渐降低;在各个层次土壤中各形态磷素随着种植年限的增加呈现阶段性变化,在一时间段内受施肥种类、用量、种植方式的影响总是表现出先下降后上升的趋势;蔬菜保护地土壤无机磷的积累以Ca-P(Ca8-P>Ca2-P>Ca10-P)的含量最多,其次为Al-P、Fe-P和O-P。本研究认为,长期超量施肥已导致这一地区蔬菜保护地土壤磷素的过度积累,在蔬菜生产中应重视和提倡平衡施肥,控制土壤磷的积累。Jiang-Gu inorganic phosphorus fractionation method was used to study the phosphorus status,characteristics and contents in 0 ～ 60cm vegetable soil of different planting duration and different soil layers.Results showed that phosphorus was massively accumulated in Harbin vegetables soil.The total phosphorus,available phosphorus,organic phosphorus,Ca2-P,Ca8-P,Al-P,Fe-P,O-P,Ca10-P were accumulated in 0 ～ 20cm soil layer,but phosphorus content of various form reduced gradually along with the increasing of soil layer depth;At all soil layers,changes in all forms of phosphorus showed periodical variation in the growing season,and the trends of phosphorus always showed a decreasing then followed by an increasing in phosphorus content due to type and rate of fertilizer and crop rotation.Accumulated inorganic phosphorus in vegetables soil was in the order： Ca-P（Ca8-P〉 Ca2-P〉 Ca10-P） Al-P 〉Fe-P 〉O-P.This research suggested that excessive accumulation of phosphorus resulted from the long-term excessive phosphorus fertilization in vegetable soil,and balance fertilization should be advocated to control soil phosphorus accumulation during the vegetables production.

关 键 词：不同种植年限 蔬菜保护地 磷素形态 空间分布特征 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学] S626[农业科学—农业基础科学]