夹层杯集菌离心涂片法初筛肺结核患者的临床应用价值  

The clinical value in prescreening of pulmonary tuberculosis patients by the method of centrifuging the liquored sputa and collecting bacteria

作　　者：何学贤[1] 廖勇[1] 陈继德[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军第169医院检验科,湖南衡阳421002

出　　处：《临床军医杂志》2011年第1期132-134,共3页Clinical Journal of Medical Officers

摘　　要：目的探讨夹层杯集菌离心涂片法检测抗酸杆菌提高门诊肺结核患者诊断准确率的临床应用价值。方法对1 762例门诊疑似肺结核患者的痰标本同时进行直接涂片法、浓缩集菌涂片法和夹层杯集菌离心涂片法检测抗酸杆菌,比较3种方法对即时痰的阳性检出率;对145例确诊肺结核住院患者的痰标本同时进行浓缩集菌涂片法和夹层杯集菌离心涂片法检测抗酸杆菌,比较2种方法对清晨痰的阳性检出率。结果夹层杯集菌离心涂片法检测门诊即时痰标本抗酸杆菌阳性检出率为15.6%,明显高于浓缩集菌涂片法(9.2%)和直接涂片法(5.9%)(P<0.05);同时夹层杯集菌离心涂片法在检测确诊肺结核住院患者的清晨痰标本阳性检出率显著高于浓缩集菌涂片法(P<0.05)。结论夹层杯集菌离心涂片法检测抗酸杆菌能够有效地提高门诊患者的确诊率,减少肺结核病的漏诊率,为临床医生的诊断治疗提供了重要参考依据。Objective To study the clinical value of the method of centrifuging the liquored sputa and collecting bacteria in improving diagnostic accuracy with diagnose of pulmonary tuberculosis patients.Methods The sputum sample of 1762 suspected tuberculosis out-patients were detected acid-fast bacilli by direct smear,concentrated smear and centrifuging the liquored sputa and collecting bacteria method respectively,and then the positive detection rate of real-time sputum were compared among these methods;The sputum sample of 145 TB diagnosed cases were detected by concentrated smear and centrifuging the liquored sputa and collecting bacteria method respectively,and then the positive detection rate of morning sputum were compared between the two methods.Results The out-patients sputum positive detection rate was 15.6% in the method of centrifuging the liquored sputa and collecting bacteria,significantly higher than in the method of concentrated smear（9.2%） and direct smear（5.9%）（P〈0.05）;similarly,the hospitalized patients sputum positive detection rate was significantly higher in the method of centrifuging the liquored sputa and collecting bacteria than the method of concentrated smear（P〈0.05）.Conclusion The method of centrifuging the liquored sputa and collecting bacteria can effectively improve the detective accuracy rate of outpatients,reduce the missed diagnosis rate of tuberculosis and provide an important reference for clinicians.

关 键 词：夹层杯集菌离心涂片法 浓缩集菌涂片法 直接涂片法 肺结核 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]