西方贸易理论中的效率与公平思想解析——兼谈全球贸易自由化进程  

Analysis of Efficiency and Equity Thoughts in Western Trade Theories-also Addressing Global Trade Liberalization Progress

作　　者：苏汾[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津理工大学国际工商学院,天津300382

出　　处：《贵州财经学院学报》2011年第2期38-42,共5页Journal of Guizhou College of Finance and Economics

摘　　要：在西方贸易理论中,自由贸易理论与保护贸易理论的分歧反映了经济社会追求效率与公平目标的冲突。自由贸易理论认为国际贸易能够改善资源配置并提高各国福利水平,虽然可能造成利益分配的不公平,但效率更为重要;保护贸易理论则更关注贸易利益在国家间或国内部门间分配的不公平现象,而将保护贸易导致的资源配置效率损失问题置于次要考虑。事实上效率与公平是内在统一、相辅相成的。目前全球贸易自由化进程难以推进的症结主要在于未能建立起公平的贸易利益分配机制,从而无法实现效率与公平的良性互动,因此全球贸易自由化必然是在曲折中前进和发展的。In western trade theories, discrepancies between free trade and protective trade theories reflect the conflict of efficiency and equity goals pursued by an economy. Free trade theories argue that international trade improves resources allocation efficiency and participant nations＇ welfare, though it might result in inequality of distributing benefit, efficiency is more important; while protective trade theories put more emphasis on the uneven trade benefits distribution among nations or sectors within a nation, leaving efficiency problem only as a second consideration. In fact, the above two are internally united and support each other. The present deadlock of global trade liberalization process is that unfair trade benefit distribution mechanism being unable to build, thereby being unable to realize a benign interaction between efficiency and equity, so the global trade liberalization is destined to make slow and tortuous progress.

关 键 词：自由贸易理论 保护贸易理论 贸易利益 效率 公平 多哈回合 

分 类 号：F091.33[经济管理—政治经济学]