基于二元水循环理论的用水评价方法探析  

Discussion on Water Use Assessment based on Dualistic Water Cycle

作　　者：周祖昊[1] 王浩[1] 贾仰文[1] 张学成[2] 庞金城 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038 [2]水利部黄河水利委员会水文局,河南郑州450004 [3]陕西省渭河流域管理局,陕西西安710018

出　　处：《水文》2011年第1期8-12,25,共6页Journal of China Hydrology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"黄土高原水沙过程尺度效应与模拟"(50709041);国家自然科学基金"黄土高原流域水文生态过程相互作用机制与耦合模拟"(50779074);国家自然科学基金创新研究群体基金项目"流域水循环模拟与调控"(51021006);"十一五"国家科技支撑计划课题"南水北调水资源综合配置技术研究"(2006BAB04A16);"十一五"国家科技支撑计划课题"黄河水资源管理关键技术研究"(2006BAB06B06)

摘　　要：用水评价是水资源评价的重要内容。现行的用水评价存在4个方面的不足,即:缺乏供用耗排统一评价,缺乏用水过程与自然水循环过程的统一评价,缺乏地表用水和地下用水的统一评价,缺乏用水量与用水效率和效益的统一评价。以上4个方面的不足,导致评价结果不准,评价内容不能满足水资源管理的需要。基于流域二元水循环理论,通过理论推导,本文提出了基于流域二元水循环全过程的用水评价方法,即体现4个统一评价的评价方法:供用耗排统一评价,用水过程与自然水循环过程统一评价,地表水和地下水用水统一评价,用水量与用水效率、效益统一评价。所提出的方法对用水评价实践具有指导意义。Water use assessment is very important in water resources assessment. However, there are 4 shortages in the widely used methods of water use assessment at present, i.e. lack of unified assessment of water supply-use-consume-drainage, lack of unified assessment of water use and natural water cycle, lack of unified assessment of surface water use and groundwater use, and lack of unified assessment of water use volume, efficiency and benefit. As the result, the precision of water use assessment is not so satisfactory and the approach cannot supply enough information for water resources management. Based on dualistic water cycle theory and the concerned deduction, a new water use assessment method was brought forward, which can overcome the 4 shortages.

关 键 词：用水评价 二元水循环 统一评价 

分 类 号：TV213.9[水利工程—水文学及水资源]