内陆河流域综合整治的生态恢复与重建技术  

Ecological Restoration and Reconstruction Technology for Inland River Basins

作　　者：高前兆[1] 钱鞠[2] 高雅玉[2] 王鹏 张钰[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000 [2]兰州大学资源环境学院水文水资源工程系,甘肃兰州730000 [3]内蒙古自治区水利水电勘测设计院,内蒙古呼和浩特010020

出　　处：《水文》2011年第1期59-65,80,共8页Journal of China Hydrology

基　　金：中国科学院重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-127);国家自然科学基金项目(40661002)

摘　　要：通过对我国西北内陆河流域的生态系统、水循环、水资源形成与消耗的特点,生态环境的变化以及水环境保护等问题分析,论述了开展内陆河流域综合治理的必要性和紧迫性。结合近期典型流域治理恢复成效,提出内陆河流域综合整治的第二步生态恢复目标。根据内陆河流域的治理实践,参照干旱区供水集水和保水技术,总结了改善下游绿洲水分生态平衡、控制中上游用水与保护河道水环境,防治河道水质盐化与农田排水再利用等生态恢复与重建的技术。最后,为了实现流域生态环境良性循环和水环境质量整体改善,提出了现阶段要加强水环境监测保护和生态补偿建设的任务。The necessity and urgency of comprehensive rehabilitation in inland river basins were discussed by analyzing the watershed ecosystem, water cycle, formation and consumption characteristics of water resources, environmental changes and water environment protection in the Northwest China in this paper. The second ecological recovery goal of inland fiver basins in the comprehensive rehabilitation was put forward combining with the regulation and recovery effect of recent typical basins. Based on the restoration practice in the typical inland river basins and consulting technology of water supply, water harvesting and water saving, the ecological recovery and reconstruction technologies were summered up, which include improving water balance of the downstream ecosystem, controlling water utilization at upper and middle reaches and improving water environment of rivers, preventing salinization of water quality in fiver courses and reusing farmland drainage water. Finally, in orderto realize a good circulation of the watershed eco-environment and improvement of water environment quality, the present tasks of protection and monitoring of water environment and construction of ecological compensation were put forward.

关 键 词：生态恢复与重建技术 综合整治 水环境保护 内陆河流域 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]