北京灰霾天气PM_(10)中微量元素的分布特征  

A Study of Distribution of Trace Elements in the PM_(10) Collected in Beijing during Haze Episodes

作　　者：牛红亚[1] 邵龙义[1] 刘君霞[1] 李金娟[2] 王静[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)地球科学与测绘工程学院,北京100083 [2]贵州大学资源与环境工程学院,贵州贵阳550003

出　　处：《中国环境监测》2011年第1期72-77,共6页Environmental Monitoring in China

基　　金：高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20070290007);教育部科技创新工程重大项目培育资金项目(705022);国家"973"项目(2006CB403701)

摘　　要：采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)对北京市2008年4月和5月不同采样点采集的灰霾天PM10样品中的15种微量元素进行了分析,得出了Ti、Fe、Zn、Sn、Pb为全样样品中相对含量较高元素;Ti、Mn、Ni、Cu、Zn、Pb是水溶样样品中相对含量较高元素。与晴天相比,灰霾天样品中微量元素可溶性增强,对人体危害更严重。与2002年分析数据进行对比,因2002年缺少Cr、Cd元素的测试值,全样样品中除了Co、Ni、Cu、Mo元素外,其余测试元素的浓度均有不同程度的升高,Fe和Sn元素的增幅最大。水溶样品中,参与对比元素的含量均下降。文中对含量相对较高的Cr、Mn、Fe、Cu、Zn、Cd、Sn和Pb元素进行了源解析,分析得出采样点附近的交通源及地面扬尘是这些元素的主要来源。15 trace elements of PM10 at different sites in Beijing during haze episodes in April and May in 2008 were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry（ICP-MS）.The results showed that Ti,Fe,Zn,Sn and Pb were more abundant than other elements in the whole sample.Ti,Mn,Ni,Cu,Zn and Pb were more abundant than other elements in the soluble fraction of the PM10 sample.The solubility of trace elements increased in haze day samples,so it was more harmful to human health than the clear day samples.Compared with the results in 2002,the relative abundances of comparing elements increased except Co,Ni,Cu and Mo in the whole samples of 2008.The increases of these elements were different,in which Fe and Sn had a largest growth.In the soluble fraction,the relative concentrations increased for all analyzed elements in 2008 samples,except for Cr and Cd which were not tested in the 2002 samples.Source apportionment was carried out on the relatively higher concentration elements of Cr,Mn,Fe,Cu,Zn,Cd,Sn and Pb.The result showed that vehicle emissions and ground dust around the sampling sites were the possible sources.

关 键 词：电感耦合等离子体质谱法 灰霾 可吸入颗粒物 微量元素 北京 

分 类 号：X823[环境科学与工程—环境工程]