RhD阴性血型抗原分析在临床输血安全中的应用研究  

Application research of antigen analysis on RhD-negative blood type in the clinical transfusion safety

作　　者：陈荣仓[1] 陈筱华[1] 林碧[1] 孔令光[1] 黄国永[1] 刘保林[1] 甄伟春[1] 林杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]温州市中心血站,浙江温州325027

出　　处：《检验医学》2011年第2期105-107,共3页Laboratory Medicine

基　　金：温州市卫生局项目(2009B075)

摘　　要：目的从临床输血安全的研究角度,实施有效的管理和应用,指导对RhD阴性血型稀有血液资源的保存与实用性稀有血型库的建立。方法采用瓷板法对RhD抗原进行初筛,RhD初筛阴性的血液标本,用间接抗人球蛋白法(IAT)进行确认试验;RhD确认阴性的试验标本再进行吸收和放散试验;再用盐水试管法对RhC、Rhc、RhE和Rhe抗原的鉴定。结果从165 041名献血者初筛出651名RhD抗原阴性者,其中RhD阴性抗原确认为633名,弱D型为18名,在633名RhD抗原阴性献血者中,ABO血型分布为:O型(36.81%)(A型(30.49%)>B型(26.07%)(AB型(6.63%);RhD阴性血型抗原表现型以ccdee(59.08%)和Ccdee(30.96%)居多,其次为CCdee、ccdEe、CcdEe、CCdEe、CcdEE和ccdEE表现型,未见CCdEE表现型。从整体随机抽取确认为阴性的316名献血者中共检测出DEL型71名,所占比例为22.47%。结论把O型CCdEE和ccdEE表现型红细胞,在工作中发现后及时冻存并在临床上针对使用,在建立使用型稀有血型库和解决临床对特殊血型的需求具有实际的临床应用意义。Objective To establish the effective management and application guideline for the preservation of RhD-negative blood type scarce resource and the practicality of rare blood bank from the view of blood transfusion safety.Methods By porcelain plate method for screening of RhD antigen,RhD-negative blood samples were detected.The indirect anti-human-globulin test（IAT） was the confirmation test.The RhD-negative specimens were determined by absorb and diffuse test further.RhC,Rhc,RhE and Rhe antigens were identified by the brine tube method.Results In 165 041 blood donors,651 donors were RhD antigen negative.After confirmation test,633 out of 651 donors were identified.There were 18 weak D type.In the 633 RhD antigen negative blood donors,ABO blood type distribution was： O type（36.81 %） A type（30.49%） B type（26.07%） AB type（6.63%）.The major antigen phenotypes of RhD-negative blood type were ccdee（59.08%） and Ccdee（30.96%）,which were followed by CCdee,ccdEe,CcdEe,CCdEe,CcdEE and ccdEE.There was no CCdEE phenotype.316 donors were selected randomly from whom were confirmed as RhD-negative blood type.There were 71（22.47%） DEL type cases.Conclusions When the O type CCdEE and ccdEE phenotype red blood cells are found in the work,they should be preserved promptly by cryopreservation.It will be significant in the establishment of the use of rare blood bank and the demand of rare blood type.

关 键 词：RHD阴性 血型抗原 应用 

分 类 号：R446.11[医药卫生—诊断学]