施氮量和栽培密度对超级早稻不同器官氮素积累与转运及其吸收利用率的影响  

Effects of nitrogen accumulation and translocation in different organs and their absorption and utilization of nitrogen under different nitrogen fertilizer rates and densities of super early rice

作　　者：徐春梅[1] 周昌南[2] 郑根深 王丹英[1] 胡培松[1] 章秀福[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水稻研究所,水稻生物学国家重点实验室,浙江杭州310006 [2]浙江江山市农业局,浙江江山324100

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2011年第1期15-20,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：十一五科技支撑计划项目“长江下游平原双季稻周年超高产模式与技术体系研究”(2006BAD02A13-3-1);浙江省重大科技计划项目“双季稻1200公斤/亩及超高产农作制度技术集成研究与示范”(2008C02008-1)

摘　　要：以超级杂交早稻中嘉早17为材料,采用田间试验在施氮量为0、120、165、210 kg/hm24个水平和种植密度为22.5×104穴/hm2(D1)和30×104穴/hm2(D2)2个水平下研究施氮量和种植密度对其氮素利用、积累和转运特性的影响。结果表明,氮素积累总量随施氮量和种植密度的增加而增加,但氮素积累量的增幅随供氮水平的提高而降低,施氮量由120 kg/hm2(N1)上升到165 kg/hm2(N2)的增加幅度,明显大于施氮量由165 kg/hm2(N2)上升到210 kg/hm2(N3)时的增加幅度。叶片氮素转运量也随施氮量和栽培密度的增加而增加,转运率没有明显规律。农学利用率、氮肥偏生产力、收获时氮素生理效率和施肥量间存在负相关。同时发现低密度种植时,氮素农学利用率和收获期氮素生理效率均高于高密度种植。Nitrogen is one of the most important macro elements;nitrogen use efficiency is affected by variety,nitrogen application level,application method and water management.In this paper,super-hybrid ＂Zhongjiazao17＂ for the material used for the field test to study nitrogen utilization,accumulation and translocation under four different nitrogen fertilizer rates（0,120,165,210 kg/hm2）and two densities patters（22.5×104 and 30×104 hole/hm2）.The results showed that：the total nitrogen accumulation in rice was increased with the amount of nitrogen fertilizer and planting density increased,but the total nitrogen accumulation rate increased was different,when the amount of nitrogen from 120 kg/hm2（N1）to 165 kg/hm2（N2）,the rate was increased significantly greater than the amount of nitrogen fertilizer from 165 kg/hm2（N2）to 210 kg/hm2（N3）.N transfer efficiency of leaf was increased also with the amount of nitrogen fertilizer and planting density increased,N transfer efficiency was no difference among different treatment.Nitrogen agronomic efficiency（NAE）,nitrogen partial factor productivity（NPFP）and physiological efficiency（NPE）positively corrected with plant nitrogen accumulation,we also found that when low-density planting of nitrogen NAE and NPE of nitrogen harvest were higher than high-density planting.

关 键 词：氮肥 密度 超级早稻 氮肥运筹 吸氮特性 

分 类 号：S511.31[农业科学—作物学]