模拟酸雨对外来入侵植物三叶鬼针草生长及化感作用的影响  

Effects of simulated acid rain on seedling growth and allelopathic potential of invasive alien species Bidens pilosa L.

作　　者：王瑞龙[1] 翁洁[1] 宋圆圆[1] 胡林[1] 苏贻娟[1] 张晖[1] 曾任森[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部生态农业重点开放实验室//广东省高等学校农业生态与农村环境重点实验室//华南农业大学热带亚热带生态研究所,广东广州510642

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2010年第12期2845-2849,共5页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(3100026030870390);广东省科技计划项目(2008A030101008;2008B021500001);华南农业大学校长基金项目(4100-k09128)

摘　　要：外来入侵植物三叶鬼针草(Bidens pilosa L.)对我国华南地区生态系统造成严重危害,同时华南地区也是强酸雨分布区域。采用不同pH值(2.5,4.0,5.6)的模拟酸雨对三叶鬼针草种子和幼苗进行处理,测定其对种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响;室外模拟酸雨喷淋三叶鬼针草,生物测定三叶鬼针草叶片水浸提液对受体植物的化感作用的变化。结果表明:pH为4.0和5.6的酸雨处理后提高了三叶鬼针草种子的萌发率;pH为4.0的酸雨促进幼苗生长,增加幼苗苗高和生物量;而pH为2.5的酸雨抑制三叶鬼针草种子萌发率和幼苗生长。同时,pH 4.0和2.5酸雨增强了三叶鬼针草叶片水浸提液对受体植物的化感作用。研究表明:三叶鬼针草具有较强的耐酸能力,酸雨胁迫可能通过促进外来入侵植物三叶鬼针草的生长和提高化感潜力而有利于其进一步入侵。Bidens pilosa L.,an invasion exotic weed,has caused substantial damage to ecosystem in southern China,which is also an acid precipitation area.Effects of simulated acid rain（SAR） with different pH on the seed germination,seedling growth and allelopathic potential of B.pilosa were evaluated in laboratory.The results showed that the germination rate of B.pilosa was increased in SAR treatment at pH 5.6 and 4.0.SAR at pH 4.0 significantly stimulated the seedling growth of B.pilosa,while SAR at pH 2.5 inhibited the seedling growth.SAR at pH 4.0 and 2.5 enhanced the allelopathic potential of aqueous leaf leachates of B.pilosa on the tested plants.These results indicate that B.pilosa can adapt the acid precipitation in southern China,and acid rain might accelerate further invasion of B.pilosa through growth stimulation and enhanced allelopathic potential.

关 键 词：模拟酸雨 三叶鬼针草 生长 化感作用 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]