山西医科大学第二临床医学院20331例急诊留观病人的流行病学研究  

Epidemiological study on epidemiology of 20331 patients in our emergency observation room

作　　者：温继兰[1] 卢彩兰[1] 徐淑[1] 陈青[1] 刘晋[1] 李荣山[2] 

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学第二临床医学院急诊科,太原030001 [2]山西医科大学第二临床医学院肾内科

出　　处：《山西医科大学学报》2011年第2期120-122,共3页Journal of Shanxi Medical University

基　　金：山西医科大学第二医院科研基金资助项目(20090204)

摘　　要：目的研究我院急诊留观病人的流行病学特点。方法采用回顾性分析方法,对2005-2009年间到我院就诊并经药物治疗的具有完整病历记载的20 331例急诊留观病人的年龄、性别、就诊时间和月份、科室、疾病谱及疾病转归等进行统计分析。结果急诊留观病人每年呈升高趋势;男女比例为1.3∶1,中青年男性和70岁以上的老人是留观病人的主要群体;每天16:00-24:00就诊人数最多,该时间段人数占全天的42.5%。7-9月份就诊病人最多;内科是急诊就诊的主要科室,其次为神内科和骨科;位居前5位的疾病依次是创伤、急性腹痛、高血压和冠心病、脑血管疾病、急性中毒;急诊是住院病人的主要来源。结论要根据急诊留观病人的就诊特点和疾病谱来合理安排急诊工作,提高急诊急救水平和应急能力,降低发病率和病死率。Objective To investigate the epidemiological features of patients in our emergency observation room.Methods A total of 20 331 emergency patients with drug therapy and complete records from 2005 to 2009 were enrolled.The clinical data,including age,sex,visiting time and month,visiting department,emergency diagnosis or chief complaints and disease outcome were analyzed retrospectively.Results Cases in the emergency observation room increased every year.The male to female ratio was 1.3∶ 1.The main population were young middle male and old people over 70 years old.The main visiting time occurred during 16：00-24：00,which accounted for 42.5% of the whole day＇s patients.The patients were centralized in July,August and September.The patients were mainly from internal medicine department,followed by the department of neurology and department of orthopaedics.The five leading diseases were trauma,acute abdominal pain,hypertension and coronary heart diseases,cerebrovascular diseases and acute poisoning.Emergency was the main source of hospitalized patients.Conclusion Reasonable arrangement of emergency work according to the epidemiological features of emergency cases can improve the levels of first aid and emergency capability,and reduce the morbidity and mortality.

关 键 词：急诊 疾病谱 流行病学 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]