生物表面活性剂混合纤维素分解菌分解秸秆的研究  

Research of bio-surfactants and cellulose-decomposing bacteria mixture fertilizers in straw decomposition

作　　者：孟杰[1] 王宏燕[1] 李涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学资源与环境学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2011年第2期97-103,共7页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金：国家"863"计划项目(2006AA10Z424);国家"十一五"科技支撑计划重点项目(2009BADB3B01-02);东北农业大学创新基金(156703071)

摘　　要：以玉米秸秆为原料进行堆肥,施入不同种类的生物菌剂,研究接种复合菌剂对堆肥中微生物量与酶活性变化的影响。结果表明,纤维素分解菌显著改善了真菌数量,对纤维素、半纤维素和木质素的降解起主要作用;添加一定量的生物表面活性剂对纤维素分解菌不会起到抑制作用,还能在一定程度上激发纤维素分解菌的活性,生物表面活性剂优秀的表面活性改善了堆肥环境,对于促进微生物量,促进纤维素酶活性,均有益处;生物表面活性剂初期对酶活性产生了抑制作用,但随后转为激发作用,总体来说表面活性剂的加入对促进堆肥中酶的活性有益。添加微生物菌剂还在一定程度上降低了堆肥过程中的TOC值和碳氮比,秸秆腐熟后碳氮比在20左右,可以直接用于田间。The corn straw composting process of different bio-microbial agents was introduced in the paper which aimed to determine if the addition of effective microbial agents could increase the microbial populations and enzyme activities. The results showed that cellulose-decomposing bacteria significantly improved the number of fungi,and played the major role in cellulose,hemicellulose,lignin degradation;and biosurfactant didn＇t inhibit the cellulose-decomposing bacteria,but stimulate the activity of cellulose decomposing bacteria. The excellent surf activity of surfactant improved the compost environment and promotion of the microbial biomass and cellulase activities;and biosurfactant inhibited the activity of enzyme at the initial stage,then it aroused the activity of enzyme. Overall,biosurfactant promoted the enzyme activities in the compost. The microbial agents also reduced TOC value and the ratio of carbon and nitrogen in the compost in some extent,meanwhile,the ratio of carbon and nitrogen was about 20 in the straws which were decomposed and added the microbial agents,and then they could be directly applied to the field.

关 键 词：堆肥 秸秆 纤维素分解 生物表面活性剂 腐熟 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]