气候变化对长江流域早稻灌溉需水量的影响  

Effects of Climate Change on Irrigation Water Requirement of Early Rice in the Yangtze River Basin

作　　者：宋妮[1,2] 孙景生[1,2] 王景雷[1,2] 陈智芳[1,2] 刘祖贵[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所,河南新乡453003 [2]农业部作物需水与调控重点开放实验室,河南新乡453003

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2011年第1期24-28,共5页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：基本科研业务费专项(0032011025);国家自然科学基金(51079154)

摘　　要：选用长江流域种植早稻的35个站点1961—2003年气象数据,分析气候变化对长江流域早稻灌溉需水量的影响。结果表明,长江流域大部分地区早稻需水量、灌溉需水量均有减少的趋势。需水量、灌溉需水量同生育期年降雨量、日平均相对湿度呈负相关关系,同生育期日平均气温、日平均风速、年日照时数呈正相关关系,其中灌溉需水量与年降雨量呈极显著负相关,与日平均相对湿度呈显著负相关。气象要素对早稻需水量的影响由大到小为:年日照时数、日平均气温、日平均相对湿度、年降雨量、日平均风速;对灌溉需水量的影响由大到小为:年降雨量、日平均相对湿度、年日照时数、日平均气温、日平均风速。Effect of climate change on irrigation water requirement of early rice was analyzed based on observation data from 1961 to 2003 in 35 meteorological stations in the Yangtze river basin.The results showed that water requirement and irrigation water demand of early rice had a decreasing trend in the most areas of the Yangtze river basin.Water requirement and irrigation water demand were negatively correlated with annual rainfall and daily mean relative humidity during the growing period of early rice,but positively correlated with daily mean temperature,daily mean wind speed and annual sunlight hours.There was a significantly negative correlation among irrigation water requirement,annual precipitation and daily mean relative humidity.The influence capacity of weather factors on water requirement of early rice was annual sunlight hours,daily mean temperature,daily mean relative humidity,annual precipitation,daily average wind speed,and the influence order of weather factors on irrigation water requirement of early rice was annual precipitation,daily mean relative humidity,annual sunlight hours,daily mean temperature,daily average wind speed.

关 键 词：早稻 需水量 灌溉需水量 气候变化 

分 类 号：S511.31[农业科学—作物学]