干旱区降雨过程对土壤水分与温度变化影响研究  

Effect of Rainfall on Soil Water and Soil Temperature in Arid Region

作　　者：高红贝[1,2] 邵明安[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2011年第1期40-45,共6页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(90502006)

摘　　要：通过定点监测并结合统计方法分析了干湿交替时节一次降雨过程前后不同土地利用方式下土壤水分与土壤温度的动态变化特征。结果表明,降雨过程对土壤水分和土壤温度在时间动态变化和深度变化过程有着重要影响;降雨影响周期中土壤含水率在一定深度范围内有一次明显的升高过程,从降雨前到降雨后呈现低→高→低的变化趋势,其变异程度随着深度的增加而逐渐减小;在该范围之下降雨过程对土壤水分含量没有明显影响;不同深度下土壤温度在降雨过程中均有不同程度的减小,在时间序列上呈高→低→高的变化趋势,并且随着深度的增加受影响程度逐渐减小;降雨对不同土地利用方式下土壤浅层水分和温度的影响表现为裸地大于苜蓿地;较深层由于苜蓿生长过程中的蒸腾耗水,使得在降雨周期中苜蓿地处于该层的水分含量持续减小,但裸地没有明显变化;降雨对土壤水分及温度的影响主要受到降雨强度、降雨时长、土地利用方式及土壤自身结构的影响。To understand the effect of rainfall on soil water and soil temperature in arid loess region.This research gave an analysis of the dynamic changes of soil water and soil temperatures under different land use system during once rainfall at the time of alternation of drying and wetting.The results showed that： there is a great effect of the process of rainfall on the time and depth dynamic changes of soil water and soil temperature.During a certain depth soil water had a sharp increment within the effect period of rainfall.From before to after of the rainfall,the content of the soil water present the change tendency of low to high to low.And the degree of variation became lower with the depth increasing.Below the depth the effect is obscure.The soil temperature at different depth became lower between the process of rainfall,and in time series present high to low to high curve,the more depth,the effect on soil temperature more lowly.Under different land use system the effect of rainfall on soil water and soil temperature in superficial layer presented nudation larger than alfalfa land.The soil water content under alfalfa land decreased sustainable because of the transpiration of the alfalfa,but it didn＇t happen in nudation.Additionally,the effect of rainfall on soil water and soil temperature is mainly subjected to the affect of rainfall duration,rainfall intensity,land use types and soil texture.

关 键 词：降雨 降雨影响周期 土壤水分 土壤温度 土地利用方式 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]