南疆膜下滴灌棉花不同密度群体初步研究  

Preliminary Research on Various Colony Densities of Cotton with Drip Irrigation under Mulch in South Xinjiang

作　　者：李鹏程[1] 董合林[1] 刘爱忠[1] 王润珍[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院棉花研究所,农业部棉花遗传改良重点实验室,河南安阳455000

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2011年第1期61-64,共4页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(3-5-1-2);国家棉花产业技术体系;公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(SJB1003)

摘　　要：田间试验以中棉所41为材料,设置了6个密度处理,结果表明,蕾期和初花期低密度处理较高密度处理相对提前3~4 d,22.5万株/hm2密度处理的皮棉产量最高,达到2 778 kg/hm2,该群体从盛花期到吐絮期能维持较高的叶面积指数,其冠层总光吸收率均在89%以上,冠层上、中、下层平均光吸收率分别为75%、12%、7%,保证了群体的光合效率。研究表明,密度过低导致叶面积指数低,总光吸收率下降,密度过高导致中下部光吸收率下降,均不利于达到高产。在试验条件下,达到最高产量的理想种植密度为20.5万株/hm2。The present investigation was undertaken in the field experiment in the South of Xinjiang to study the relationship between lint yield and leaf area index,canopy light absorption rate at different growth period in 6 various colony densities,which were 9,13.5,18,22.5,27,31.5 ten thousands plant/hm2 respectively.The cotton cultivar was Cotton Research Institute 41.The results revealed that the bud stage and the flowing stage of colonies under lower planting densities were earlier 3 to 4 days than that of colonies under higher planting densities.The highest lint yield was 2 778 kg/hm2 in the field experiment,in which the planting density was 22.5 ten thousands plant/hm2.Not only higher leaf area index with longer duration from full flowering stage to boll opening stage,but also higher than 89% light absorption rate of canopy were observed in the colony,and the mean light absorption rate was 79% in the upper layer,8% in the mid layer,7% in the lower layer of canopy respectively,which ensured better photosynthetic efficiency of the colony.Much lower colony densities and much higher colony densities could not ensure high lint yield,because the leaf area index and the light absorption of canopy was lower in much lower colony densities,and the light absorption rate in the mid and the lower layer of canopy was lower in much higher colony densities than that of Much lower colony densities.The desirable planting density of Cotton Research Institute 41 in the field experiment was 20.5 ten thousands plant/hm2.

关 键 词：棉花 膜下滴灌 密度 群体 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]