底角锚杆在深部软岩巷道底鼓控制中的应用研究  

Application research on floor anchor in controlling floor heave in deep soft rock roadway

作　　者：林业[1] 马春德[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学资源与安全工程学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《中国矿山工程》2011年第1期35-39,共5页China Mine Engineering

基　　金：湖南省研究生学位创新项目(1343-74236000013)

摘　　要：底鼓作为深部软岩巷道围岩变形与破坏的主要形式之一,一直困扰着贵州开磷集团马路坪矿。通过对700m中段运输大巷变形状况的实地调查,以及对底鼓因素的理论分析,同时运用数值模拟方法,研究底角锚杆在控制底板变形中的受力特征,从而提出底角锚杆控制底鼓的工作机理。通过对三种底锚形式(单排底锚、双排底锚以及垂直底锚)的数值模拟对比,得出如果在高地应力情况下,安设垂直底锚能够防治由于较高的应力集中而形成的剪切破碎带随着破坏的发展、剪切带贯通而形成的楔形破坏。同时加设双排底锚,利用材料自身的抗剪强度,切断底板基角部位的塑性滑移线,使应力向岩体深部传递,最终有效地控制巷道底鼓。As one of the main failure modes in deep soft rock roadway, floor heave is a great problem in Maluping mine, Kailin Group. Through the in-situ investigation in haulage tunnel of the level of 700m and the theoretical analysis of the factors resulting in floor heave, by using the method of numerical simulation, the stress characteristics of the anchors fixed in floor in controlling deformation of the floors is studied. Based on the analysis results, the work mechanism of anchors in floor is summarized. Through the numerical simulation contrast of single-row anchor in floor, double-row anchor in floor and vertical anchor in floor, the reasult shows that the vertical anchor in floor can prevent the wedge failure which is caused by the developing and connection of shear fracture zones due to the high stress concentration. At the same time, the anchors with high shear strength are fixed into the floor in double rows, and they can cut off the plastic slip line of the floor, so the stress can transfer to the deep rock, and which make the deformation of the floor is controlled effectively.

关 键 词：软岩巷道 底鼓 数值模拟 单排底锚 双排底锚 垂直底锚 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]