紫色土地区秸秆覆盖耕层土壤养分动态分析  

The Research on the Growth and Yield of Rapeseed,Soil Nutrient Dynamics Under Straw Mulch in Purple Soil Area

作　　者：薛兰兰[1] 邹聪明[1] 胡小东[1] 刘晓建[1] 张云兰[1] 王龙昌[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学农学与生物科技学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《农机化研究》2011年第3期138-142,共5页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD29B08);国家自然科学基金项目(30871474);重庆市科技攻关项目(CSTC;2008AB1001);西南大学农业部生物技术与作物品质改良重点开放实验室基金项目(2006-2008)

摘　　要：通过田间试验,研究了不同秸秆(水稻秸秆和玉米秸秆)不同量覆盖条件下旱地油菜株高、花序数和分枝数的差异,以及0～10cm和10～20cm土层土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、全磷、有效磷、全钾、速效钾和pH的动态变化过程,并进行了产量分析。结果表明:秸秆覆盖处理下油菜株高高于对照,有速腐剂处理的株高最高;秸秆覆盖处理花序数多于对照;速腐剂处理下一级分枝数高于不加速腐剂处理;覆盖处理的有机质和碱解氮含量均略高于对照;加速腐剂覆盖处理的产量最高。A field trial was undertaken to investigate the performance of varying rice and corn mulch treatments with and without rottening agent on growth,yield and soil nutrients dynamics.The dynamic alteration in soil organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,alkali-hydro nitrogen,effective phosphorus,rapidly-available potassium and pH in 0~10cm 10~20cm soil layer were determined.The results revealed that rice and corn straw mulching improved the plant height over control but this improvement in plant height was higher where straw mulch was combined with rottening agent;the number of inflorescences under straw mulch was higher against control,the number of branches on stem was noticeably higher in rottening agent than control;the contents of organic matter and alkali-hydro nitrogen under straw mulch were slightly higher than the control.Straw mulching along with rottening agent led to significant improvement in yield over control.It is evident from results that varying straw mulch treatments noticeably enhanced the growth and yield related traits but this enhancement was more pronounced when straw mulch was mixed with rottening agent.

关 键 词：秸秆覆盖 保护性种植 土壤养分 油菜 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]