生态观的重构——以复杂性代替机械性  

Reconstruction of Scientific Views of Ecology——Replacing Mechanism with Complexity

作　　者：陈文勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学语言与认知研究中心,浙江杭州310028

出　　处：《江南大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2011年第1期33-36,共4页Journal of Jiangnan University：Humanities & Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家"985"哲学社会科学创新基地"语言与认知研究"资助项目(205000-811342)

摘　　要：原有生态观一直为西方近代科学支持的机械式思维方式所主导,它表现为生态的还原主义、静态观和无"心"观。机械观影响下的人类活动给自然造成巨大破坏的同时,也将人类置于困境。复杂性科学不仅修正了西方近代科学的思维方式,也颠覆了它对生态的众多看法,让自然重新获得了了生态的复杂性。重构后的生态观体现了生态构成的系统性、生态运作的动态性,并要求从与自然和谐共处的主体角度去思考生态。Deeply influenced by western modern science,the old views of ecology fall into the mechanistic perspectives,such as reductionism,mechanism and views without heart.It causes great damage to the nature through human activities and also brings troubles to human.Complexity theory not only modifies the thinking mode of the western modern science but also overturns many opinions about ecology,which helps nature to find the complexity of the ecology.As a result,new ecological views point out that the structure of the ecological system should be considered as a whole and the operation of the ecological system is dynamic.Besides,the ecological system is constructed because of the participation of the human and nonhuman,not generated independently.

关 键 词：复杂性科学 生态复杂性 机械观 生态观 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]