琼中绿橙炭疽病病原菌基础生物学特性研究  

The biological characteristics of pathogens causing anthracnose disease of Qiongzhong green orange

作　　者：郑肖兰[1,2,3] 吴伟怀[1,2,3] 李锐[1] 刘笔灿[4] 贺春萍[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所 [2]农业部热带农林有害生物入侵监测与控制重点开放实验室 [3]海南省热带农业有害生物检测监控重点实验室 [4]海南大学环境与植物保护学院：海南儋州571737

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2011年第1期54-57,共4页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：海南省重点科技项目(090141);海南省自然科学基金项目(807040);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项项目(2009hzs1J015)

摘　　要：【目的】研究琼中绿橙炭疽病病原菌基础生物学特性，为琼中绿橙炭疽病防治提供参考。【方法】对经分离培养获得的病原菌进行单孢分离，对分离纯化后所得孢子进行形态特征观察、致病性测定及生物学特性研究。【结果】单孢分离后共获得5个菌株，挑取其中的CA，用于测试。镜检孢子大小为25～35μm×4～11μm；以一定浓度病原菌分生孢子悬浮液接种4d后，接种叶上可产生褐色病斑；病原菌菌丝在10～35℃能正常生长，最适生长温度为28℃；pH为7时，菌丝体生长速率最快，偏碱性时对菌丝生长有明显的抑制作用；光照条件对菌丝体的生长速率无显著影响；菌丝生长最适的碳源是麦芽糖和L-鼠李糖，最适的氮源是乙酸铵和L-丙氨酸，而半乳糖、L-亮氨酸对病菌菌丝有抑制作用；病菌孢子致死温度为46～50℃。【结论】危害琼中绿橙果树的炭疽病病原菌为菌物界，真菌门，半知菌亚门，腔孢纲，黑盘孢目，刺盘孢属，胶孢炭疽菌。研究结果可为生产上琼中绿橙炭疽病的预测、预报及防治提供科学依据。[Objective] The present study has been performed in order to identify the biological characteristics of pathogens causing anthracnose disease in green orange in some middle districts of Hainan Province. [Method] The pathogens have been isolated using monospore isolation method and their morphological and biological characteristics, and the pathogenicity were investigated. [Result] Five strains of the pathogens were obtained, amongst them the mierospore size of strain CA5 was found to be 25-35 μm × 4-11 μm. The leaves of green orange showed brown spots within four days after in-oculation with certain concentration of pathogen conidia suspension. The mycelium of pathogen was found to grow normally at 10-35℃, however, the optimum temperature was 28℃. The average daily growth rate of the myeelium was found fastest at pH 7, but the mycelium growth was significantly inhibited in conditions of pre-alkalanization. The light conditions had no significant effect on growth rate of the mycelium. The carbon and nitrogen resource in Czapek medium for mycelium growth was L-maltose, L-rhamnose and ammonium acetate and L-alanine, respectively. Galactose and L-leucine showed inhibitory effects on growth of the mycelium. The lethal temperature of spore was 46-50℃. [Conclusion] Pathogens causing anthracnose disease in green orange in some middle districts of Hainan Province belong to Colletotrichum （ myceteae, eu- mycota, deuteromyeotina, coelomycetes, melanconiales, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides）. The results of our experiment will provide a scientific basis for forecasting and control of pathogens causing anthracnose disease in green orange producing arcas.

关 键 词：绿橙 炭疽菌 病原鉴定 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S436.661.14[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]