钢化玻璃绝缘子自爆问题分析  

Analysis of Self-shattering Problem of Toughened Glass Insulator

作　　者：王少华[1] 叶自强[1] 梅冰笑[1] 罗盛[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省电力试验研究院,杭州310014

出　　处：《高压电器》2011年第3期93-99,104,共8页High Voltage Apparatus

摘　　要：钢化玻璃绝缘子自爆严重影响了输电线路的安全运行。笔者根据近年来中国输电线路上发生的玻璃绝缘子集中自爆事例,分析了钢化玻璃绝缘子自爆规律及残锤特性、自爆影响因素和自爆机理,并在此基础上总结分析了降低钢化玻璃绝缘子自爆率的技术措施。结果表明:玻璃绝缘子自爆具有"早期暴露,逐年下降"的特点;玻璃绝缘子零值自爆后,由于它的残留强度高,不致造成掉串事故。自然环境、机械荷载、严重污秽、生产工艺等对钢化玻璃绝缘子自爆有影响。玻璃件中间张应力层发生偏移,不匀称分布是自爆的主要原因之一。采取二次热冷冲击试验、内水压试验、均质热处理技术、提高玻璃制料质量及改进玻璃件的钢化工艺等措施可降低钢化玻璃绝缘子的自爆率。Self-shattering problem of toughened glass insulator is of great danger to the security of service of transmission lines.Based on several self-shattering cases occurred in China,this paper summarizes and analyzes the self-shattering rule,the influencing factors,and self-shattering mechanism.Besides,the technical measures of decreasing the self-shattering rate are summarized and analyzed.The results show that for glass insulator,a self-shattering peak value exists in the initial stage of service.The residual strength of the residual part is high enough for preventing the insulator string from fracture accident.Natural environment,mechanical load,severe pollution and production technology have influence on the self-shattering.Non-uniform distribution of tensile stress is one of the primary reasons for self-shattering.Technical measures such as secondary hot-and-cold shocking test,inner hydraulic test,homogenous heat treatment,improving glass material quality,and optimizing the toughening process,can be used to decrease the self-shattering rate of toughened glass insulator.

关 键 词：玻璃绝缘子 自爆 自爆率 内应力 

分 类 号：TM216[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]