“打”字的来源及读音考  

A Textual Research on the Origin and Pronunciation of Dǎ(打)

作　　者：王耀东[1] 敏春芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学人文学院,北京100083

出　　处：《宁波大学学报（人文科学版）》2011年第2期36-39,共4页Journal of Ningbo University：Liberal Arts Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(07BYY044)

摘　　要：历代都有人谈关于打字的问题。明末清初黄生认为,打由提(dǐ)字音转而来;清初李因笃认为,挞字变声调减笔画就成了打;王力先生认为,打读丁雅切与方言无关,把打的音变列入"偶然性"一类。其实,打字汉代就有,是朾的俗字。打字本音德冷切或都挺切,读如丁雅切是唐五代西北的方音现象,敦煌文献和现代西北方音均可为证。打的丁雅切后来上升为通语,南宋以后进入韵书,而德冷切或都挺切的读音则保留在吴语等方言中。Dǎ（打） has been discussed in all ages.Huang Sheng regarded dǎ（打）as the transformation of 提（dǐ）’s pronunciation,while Li Yindu held that dǎ（打）resulted from alteration of tà（挞）’s tone and reduction of its strokes.Mr.Wang Li believed that dǎ（打）’s pronunciation of dingyaqie had nothing to do with dialect,so he put the inflection of dǎ（打） into the category o＂fcontingency＂.In fact,dǎ（打） appeared in the Han Dynasty,and it was the popular form of chéng（朾）.dǎ（打）’s original pronunciation was delengqie or dutingqie,and dingyaqie was the dialect form in northwest China in the period of Five Dynasties,which can be verified by Dunhuang manuscripts and modern northwestern dialect.Later dingyaqie became the common pronunciation,and then it was written into rhyme books after the Southern Song Dynasty.Meanwhile delengqie or dutingqie was retained in Chinese Wu and other dialects.

关 键 词：打 提 挞 朾 敦煌文献 西北方音 

分 类 号：H121[语言文字—汉语]