ICU医院感染目标监测分析  

Target surveillance of hospital infection in intensive care unit

作　　者：秦桂英[1] 邱隆敏[1] 杨泽敏[1] 龙盛双[1] 谢容[1] 

机构地区：[1]遵义医学院附属医院院感科,贵州遵义563003

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2011年第5期876-878,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的了解ICU患者的医院感染发生率及危险因素,为减少医院感染提供对策。方法按照卫生部制定的《医院感染监测规范》中有关医院感染目标监测的方法进行监测医院2009年4月-2010年3月ICU住院患者。结果 404例ICU住院时间>48 h的患者中发生医院感染130例,日感染发病率为2.51%,3种侵入性操作相关感染率以呼吸机相关性感染居首位(25.71%);留置尿管和中心静脉置管相关性感染次之,分别为6.16%和2.48%;医院感染主要病原菌:铜绿假单胞菌、鲍氏不动杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌(97.96%为耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌)、肺炎克雷伯菌、白色假丝酵母菌等,分别占25.30%、21.95%、13.11%、7.93%、11.89%。结论 ICU患者是医院感染易感人群,通过目标监测可及时准确获得ICU医院感染资料,有利于制定有效控制医院感染的措施,是一种方便、科学的监测方法。OBJECTIVE To investigate the incidence and risk factors of hospital infection in an intensive care unit （ICU） in order to use surveillance data to develop and evaluate strategies to prevent and control nosocomial infections. METHODS The target surveillance of hospital infection in an ICU were carried out according to the method involved in the Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System developed by Ministry of Health, P.R. China. Monitoring objects had derived from an ICU inpatients lasted through Apr 2009 to Mar 2010. RESULTS From total 404 patients which the length of stay were more than 48 hours, 130 cases occurred to hospital infection and the daily infection rate was 2.51%. Among the 3 kinds of invasive operation related infection, breathing machine resides first place with the infective rate of 25.71%, indwelling catheter and central venous catheterization comes second which accounted for 5.45% and 2.48 %, respectively. The main pathogenic bacteria isolated from sufferers included Pseudomonas aeruginosa （25. 30%）, Baumanii （21. 95%）, Staphylococcus aureus （13. 11%） from which the proportion of methlcillin resistant S. aureus （MRSA） was higher up to 12. 81%, K. pneumonlae （7.93%）, Candida albicans （11. 89%）. CONCLUSION The inpatients in ICU are the susceptible population of nosocomial infections. The data collected with the use of the target surveillance in an ICU are effective and efficient ways to assess the influence of patient risk, which can be used by hospitals to set priorities for their infection control programs.

关 键 词：重症监护病房 医院感染 目标监测 病原菌 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]