2005-2009年医院主要病原菌耐药趋势分析  

Drug resistance tendency of major pathogenic bacteria during 2005-2009

作　　者：陈燕[1] 刘昆[1] 郝素云[1] 李锐[1] 葛海燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]武警医学院附属医院感染控制科,天津300162

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2011年第5期975-977,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的了解医院5年来临床分离的主要病原菌构成变化,并对其耐药性进行分析,为临床合理使用抗菌药物,减少耐药性提供参考。方法对2005-2009年临床所分离的主要病原菌构成比及药敏率分别进行统计。结果大肠埃希菌(ECO)在5年的分离构成中一直居于首位,铜绿假单胞菌(PAE)位居第2,除了2009年肺炎克雷伯菌(KPN)超过凝固酶阴性葡萄球(CNS),其他年份均位于第3位、金黄色葡萄球菌(SAU)位于第5位;ECO和PAE的耐药率呈逐年升高的趋势,其中多药耐药菌分离率从2005年的2.0%、1.4%分别升高至2009年的10.6%、13.2%,在金黄色葡萄球菌中耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)分离的比例越来越高,由11.5%上升至50.2%。结论 5年来主要病原菌的构成比虽然有所波动,但总体上较为稳定;耐药率呈逐年升高的趋势,这可能与广谱抗菌药物持续使用有一定的关系。OBJECTIVE To analyze the change of composition of the major clinical pathogens for last 5 years and their drug resistance, so as to provide bases for rational use of antimicrobial agents in clinic and reducing drug resistance. METHODS Constituent ratio and drug susceptibility tests of clinical primary pathogens were counted respectively. RESULTS In composition change of clinical major pathogens for last 5 years, Escherichia colt （ECO） has always been in the first position, Pseudomonas aeruginosa （PAE） in the second position, Klebsiella pneu- moniae（KPN） in the third position besides KPN exceeding Coagulase negative staphylococcus （CNS） in 2009, Staphylococcus aureus was in the fifth position. Drug susceptibility tests show that resistance rates of ECO and PAE were increasing year by year and the isolating rates of multidrug-resistant strains were increased from 2.0%, 1.4 % in 2005 to 10.6%, 13.2% in 2009. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus （MRSA） occupied higher and higher proportion in S. altreus, increasing from 11.5% to 50. 2%. CONCLUSION The constituent ratios of the major pathogens have been stable on the whole for the past five years. The ascending resistance rates is possibly related to the successive application of extended spectrum antibiotics.

关 键 词：病原菌 构成比 药敏试验 耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]