不同粮草种植模式对四川紫色丘陵区水土流失的影响  

Influence of Different Forage Rotation on Runoff and Sediment in Purple Hilly Area of Sichuan Province

作　　者：林超文[1] 付登伟[1,2] 庞良玉[1] 罗春燕[1] 黄晶晶[1] 罗付香[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,成都610066 [2]重庆市南山区土壤肥料技术推广站,重庆408400

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2011年第1期43-46,共4页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：四川省财政育种工程项目;国际植物营养研究所项目;丘区简阳市种养加复合型现代农业技术集成研究与示范(项目编号:2007z06-30);四川省科技厅应用基础项目(项目编号:2008JY0022-1);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(20100314)

摘　　要：把饲草作为主要作物引入耕作制,通过3年3重复随机区组定位试验,研究了紫色土丘陵区坡耕地不同粮草种植模式对水土流失的影响。研究表明:夏季牧草在雨季需刈割多次,造成土壤覆盖度急剧降低,栽种夏季牧草后加大了土壤侵蚀。刈割后再生力较强的墨西哥玉米较再生力较差的高丹草有利于减少土壤侵蚀。在冬季小麦预留空行增种禾本科牧草能在夏季残留大量根系,固定泥沙,显著减少土壤侵蚀。因此,从控制土壤侵蚀的角度考虑,在四川紫色丘陵区发展饲草种植,首先应考虑冬季小麦的空行利用,在栽培夏季牧草时应选择再生能力和分蘖力强的牧草品种。A completely randomized block design was employed in this experiment with three replications and three years study period,the objective of this study was to take forages crop as main crops and introduce it to the crop rotation in the slope arable land of purple soil area,and analysis the influence of different forage rotation on runoff and sediment.Results show that： large amount of root was leaved in soil when gramineous hay was planted with wheat in winter,soil was fixed by these roots,and sediment was reduced remarkablely.Because the summer forage crop was harvested several time in rain season,the plant coverage was reduced sharply,soil erosion was increased remarkably.The rebirth ability of zea mexicana was stronger than that of sorghum,so the ability of soil erosion control of zea mexicana was stronger than that of sorghum.Therefore,according to the purpose of soil erosion control,the utilizing of blank line of winter wheat should be adopted first of all,and the rebirth and tiller ability of summer forage crop should be pay attention.

关 键 词：紫色丘陵区 种植模式 径流深 土壤侵蚀 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]