冬季覆海冰对台田盐渍土壤水分和盐分的影响  

Effects of Covering Sea Ice on Platform Field on Soil Water and Salt Content in Coastal Saline Soil of Bohai Bay

作　　者：陶军[1] 顾卫[1] 林叶彬[1] 许映军[1] 卜丹阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2011年第1期176-179,共4页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家"863"计划重点项目课题(编号:2006AA100206);国家科技支撑计划重大项目课题(编号:2006BAB03A03);地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室人才培养项目(编号:2009-RC-05)

摘　　要：在渤海湾滨海地区,以台田修建技术为基础,将冬季海水(或咸水)冻结而形成较低盐度的海冰(或咸水冰)覆盖至台田土壤表面。研究覆冰的融化过程中台田土壤水分和盐分的时空变化。结果表明:随着覆冰融化,大量的冰融水进入土壤,台田不同土层土壤的含水量得到增加,尤其是表层土壤。当覆冰完全融化,气温的上升,台田0-20cm土壤含水量迅速降低,而深层土壤的含水量趋于稳定。在覆冰完全融化前(3月8日),0-20cm和20-40cm土壤含盐量较初始值分别降低了70%和22.22%;而其它层土壤含盐量轻微地增加。覆冰完全融化后(3月14日),台田0-40cm层土壤含盐量继续降低,40cm以下土壤含盐量也降低了。后期,0-20cm层土壤含盐量趋于稳定,为1.5～2.0g/kg,脱盐率为80%～85%;20-40cm层土壤盐度为3.5g/kg,脱盐率为22.22%;台田40cm以下层土壤盐分和初值比没有变化。试验研究得出,利用台田修建技术+覆冰融化能够使台田耕层(0-40cm)土壤盐分降低,深层土壤盐分没有出现积累现象。Based on the building technology of platform field,sea ice was covered on soil surface of the field in Bohai Bay of China,because sea ice had lower salts than seawater in winter.The change of soil water and salt in melting processes of sea ice was determined at different stages.The present studies showed that the large amount of ice-melting water infiltrated into the soil and increased soil water content at all depths,especially top soil（0-20 cm）.In later stages,soil water content of 0-40 cm layer was reduced with increasing of air temperature and value of other soil layers stabilized.At March 8,soil salt content of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm layer were lower 70% and 22.22% than the value at primary time,whereas soil salt content of other layers slightly increased.At March 14,sea ice was completely melt and soil salt content of all layers continued to decrease in platform field.During later sampling stages,soil salt content of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm layer stabilized（1.5~2.0 g/kg and 3.5%,respectively） and soil desalting rate of them was 80%~85% and 22.22%,respectively.While soil salt content of deeper layer had no changes compared to their value of primary time.These results indicated that the combination of platform field and covering sea ice on soil surface decreased 0-40 cm layer soil salt content and there was no salt accumulation in deeper soil layers.

关 键 词：台田 海水冰 冰融化 盐渍土 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]