一种建筑材料氡面射气系数测量方案研究  

A scheme for measuring emanation factors of radon from building materials' top-surface

作　　者：吴和喜[1] 刘庆成[1] 杨波[1] 袁新宇[2] 王玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]东华理工大学放射性地质与勘探技术国防重点学科实验室,抚州330013 [2]南华大学核科学技术学院,衡阳421001

出　　处：《核技术》2011年第3期209-212,共4页Nuclear Techniques

基　　金：国防基础科研(A3420060145);江西省软科学研究计划(2010DRB01000);江西省教育厅青年科学基金(GJJ10176)资助

摘　　要：本文从氡在非破碎建筑材料中稳态运移方程出发,推导出建筑材料所析出的氡与建材氡面射气系数关系式,从而很方便地根据积累腔室中的氡浓度积累曲线计算出建筑材料氡面射气系数。该方法充分考虑了氡在建筑材料中的衰减,并通过测量预先充入测量装置中的氡在各时间点的浓度值推导出测量装置的泄漏率,提高了测量结果的精度。由于长时间积累测量存在"反扩散"问题,本文分析得出了一个高精度的短时间积累测量计算公式,用其对实验结果进行分析,误差在±4%以内。This work derived the relationship of the emanation factor and the radon that released from building materials based on the equation of balance for each phase of radon in unbroken building materials, and calculated the emanation factor of the radon that released from the top-surface of the building materials by measuring the concentration curve of radon in the equipment at intervals. The radon attenuation in air-filled pores of building materials is taken into account. The measuring results are more accurate after the calculation of leakage rate of the equipment by measuring the concentration of the pre-injected radon in the equipment at intervals. A high accurate measuring formula for short time is also obtained for the existing of “back-diffusion” in long time measuring, which can accurately fit the experimental data within ±4%.

关 键 词：建筑材料 氡面射气系数 “泄漏”和“反扩散” 

分 类 号：X591[环境科学与工程—环境工程]