核酸适配体及其相关药物研究进展  

Advance in research of aptamers and related drugs

作　　者：崔承[1,2] 蒋宇扬[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学化学系,北京100084 [2]清华大学深圳研究生院,深圳518055 [3]清华大学医学院,北京100084

出　　处：《中国新药杂志》2011年第5期407-410,421,共5页Chinese Journal of New Drugs

基　　金：重大新药创制科技重大专项(2009ZX09501-004);863课题项目(2007AA02Z160)

摘　　要：核酸适配体是一种可以和不同靶标,如有机小分子、RNA、DNA或蛋白质等进行高亲和力和高特异性结合的单链DNA或RNA。本文主要介绍核酸适配体在药物研发领域的研究进展,包括通过适当的修饰提高寡核苷酸的稳定性和药效,适配体分子可凭借其独特的性质在制药学和治疗学方面发挥重要作用;核酸适配体可被应用在药物靶点定位、新药研发和运输相关药物分子等领域;用于治疗癌症、艾滋病等疾病的核酸适配体也不断涌现。随着相关技术的发展,核酸适配体在机制研究和更多疾病的治疗中将有良好的应用前景。Aptamers are single-stranded DNAs or RNAs,which can bind to different targets,including small organic molecules,RNAs,DNAs and proteins,with high affinity and specificity.This article mainly discusses the advance in research of aptamers and relatede drugs.After appropriate modification to improve the stability and enhance the pharmacodynamics,aptamers would have the unique possibilities to play a significant role in pharmaceutical sciences and therapeutics.Aptamers could be utilized in target validation,new drug discovery and as delivery vehicles for other drug molecules.Numerous aptamers with clinical potential as medicines to cure cancer,HIV and other diseases have been designed and tested.By the development of technology of oligonucleotide and interactions between aptamers and targets,aptamers will be more useful in study of mechanism and therapeutic strategy of more diseases.

关 键 词：核酸适配体 寡核苷酸修饰 新药研发 制药学 治疗学 

分 类 号：R966[医药卫生—药理学]