中国国家女子马拉松队备战柏林世界田径锦标赛生理生化指标的变化特征  

The Physiological and Biochemical Analysis of China Marathon Team Preparing for Berlin World Athletics Championships

作　　者：杨明[1] 田野[2] 赵杰修[2] 

机构地区：[1]吉林体育学院,吉林长春130022 [2]国家体育总局体育科学研究所,北京100061

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2011年第2期21-25,共5页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：科技部科技支撑计划项目(2006BAK37B06)

摘　　要：以中国国家女子马拉松队7名运动员为研究对象,对运动员在备战柏林世界锦标赛期间平原准备阶段、高原训练阶段和赛前平原准备阶段的血液指标(白细胞、血红蛋白、血清睾酮、肌酸激酶、血尿素)和机能指标(血压、晨脉)进行监控。总结在备战柏林世锦赛期间生理、生化指标的变化特点,探索适合我国女子马拉松运动员的训练模式。研究发现,高原训练期间要有节奏地安排训练负荷,不同训练负荷性质的内容要穿插进行,尤其是在高原训练的强化期,生理生化指标的变化较为明显,应当增加训练监控的密度,避免过度训练的发生;同时赛前高原训练阶段、赛前平原训练阶段大负荷强度的训练,必须建立在雄厚的有氧代谢能力基础上,否则运动员很难完成持续性的高强度的训练负荷。Make a research on the 7 female athletes from Chinese national marathon team,make a control of the blood indication（including Leukocytes,Hemoglobin,Testosterone,Creatine Phosphokinase and Blood Urea.） and function indication（including Blood Pressure indication and Morning Heart Rate）within plain pre-match preparation stage,altitude training phase and the preparation stage.Summarizing the change characteristics of physiology and biochemistry of 7 female athletes within the preparation period of the World Athletes Championships in Berlin,exploring the suitable training mode for Chinese feminine marathon athletes.Then,We found the training load should maintain in a good rhythm in the plateau period,and different training load characters content must be trusted in daily training.Especially,in the plateau period,physiological and biochemical indication changes quiet obviously,ought to increase the density of the monitoring of the training,to avoid the excessive training occurs;Pre-match plateau training phase and big load arrangement of pre-contest training phase,must be established in the powerful aerobic ability to metabolize basis,Otherwise athletes difficult to finish continuous high strength training load.

关 键 词：生理生化指标 柏林世界田径锦标赛 训练 马拉松 

分 类 号：G804.7[文化科学—运动人体科学]