不同时长午睡对运动员机能的影响  

Effect of Different Period Naps on Physical Function of Athletes

作　　者：周越[1] 闫林[1] 王德刚[1] 何文革 周君一 陈琳 

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学,北京100084 [2]河北省体育科研所,河北石家庄050011

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2011年第2期110-113,129,共5页China Sport Science and Technology

摘　　要：研究目的:比较不同时长午睡对运动员身体机能的影响,以确定运动员合适的午睡持续时间。研究方法:10名运动员参加了实验,采用自身前后对照法,每人随机测试2天,一天上午训练后下午13:00进行60 min的午睡;另一天上午训练后下午13:00进行90 min的午睡。分别在每天的12:30和醒后30 min对运动员按顺序进行脑电图、生理机能和心境状态等指标的测试。结果:60 min午睡后与90 min午睡后相比,大脑皮层的α波、β波和θ波分别增加了约2.2%、21%和1.2%,δ波减少了约12.4%;反应时降低幅度、闪光融合频率及良性心境水平增加幅度均高于90 min午睡;而90 min午睡的降心率和血压的效果优于60 min午睡。结论:两种时长午睡均能改善运动员训练后大脑的机能状态和觉醒水平,但60 min午睡对反应能力和机体动员能力较好,90 min午睡对心血管机能恢复较好。Objective：To compare the effect of physical functions by different long nap after sport training for athletes,and determine the appropriate nap duration for athletes.Methods：10 athletes took part in the two-day test randomly.One day takes a nap for 60 minutes after the 13：00 am;another day takes a nap for 90 minutes after the 13：00 am.The athletes took tests of EEG,physiological function and mood state at 12：30 and at 30 minutes after nap respectively.Results：After 60 minutes nap,the α,β,and θ waves of cerebral cortex were increased by about 2.2%,21% and 1.2% compared to the 90 minutes nap,δ wave reduced about 12.4%;reaction time was decreased,flicker fusion frequency and malignant state of mind were higher than that of 90 minutes nap;but the heart rate and blood pressure of 90 minutes nap were lower than that of 60-minute nap.Conclusion：Both naps could improve the brain function and awareness level of athletes after training,but the 60-minute nap is benefit to the reaction and mobilized capacity,and 90-minute nap is benefit to the recover of the cardiovascular capacity.

关 键 词：运动员 午睡 机能 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学]