基于GIS和USLE/RUSLE的小流域土壤侵蚀量研究  

Study on Soil Erosion of Small Watershed Based on GIS and USLE/RUSLE

作　　者：杨磊[1] 丁树文[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆电力设计院,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [2]华中农业大学资源与环境学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《干旱环境监测》2011年第1期24-28,共5页Arid Environmental Monitoring

摘　　要：依据实地调查资料,建立了典型小流域地理数据库;应用采样分析数据结果及坡面单元法,确定了定量计算通用土壤流失方程RUSLE因子指标的方法。在地理信息系统ArcGIS支持下,根据USLE/RUSLE土壤侵蚀预测模型对数据库实施运算操作,预测了小流域土壤侵蚀量。结果表明:①流域总体土壤侵蚀为中度,治理难度仍很大;②坡耕地是流域水土流失的策源地,占流域面积44.45%的坡耕地,土壤侵蚀量占流域总侵蚀量的78.89%;③采取保土耕作、坡改梯和退耕还林的方式可有效治理流域的水土流失。Through investigation data,geographic database in small watershed was established.The method of USLE equation factor index was confirmed by sampling analysis data and slope cell approach.The predicted results about soil erosion of small watershed showed total soil erosion was moderate and management was highly difficult.Sloping land was the source of watershed soil erosion,because soil erosion of sloping land with 44.45 percent sloping land of watershed area was 78.89 percent of total soil erosion.Cultivation conducive to water and soi1 conservation,return of farmland to forests could successfully control soil erosion.

关 键 词：USLE/RUSLE土壤侵蚀模型 ArcGIS地理信息系统 小流域 土壤侵蚀预测 

分 类 号：X87[环境科学与工程—环境工程]